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Partition (politics)

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Partition (politics)

In politics, a partition is a change of political borders cutting through at least one territory considered a homeland by some community.

Common arguments for partitions include:

  • historicist – that partition is inevitable, or already in progress
  • last resort – that partition should be pursued to avoid the worst outcomes (genocide or large-scale ethnic expulsion), if all other means fail
  • cost–benefit – that partition offers a better prospect of conflict reduction than the if existing borders are not changed
  • better tomorrow – that partition will reduce current violence and conflict, and that the new more homogenized states will be more stable
  • rigorous end – heterogeneity leads to problems, hence homogeneous states should be the goal of any policy

    • Examples

    Notable examples are: (See Category:Partition)

  • Partition of Africa (Scramble for Africa), between 1881 and 1914.
  • Partition, multiple times, of the Roman Empire into the Eastern Roman Empire and the Western Roman Empire, following the Crisis of the Third Century.
  • Partition of Prussia by the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 creating Royal Prussia, and Duchy of Prussia in 1525
  • Partition of Catalonia by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659: Northern Catalan territories (Roussillon) was given to France by Spain.
  • In the 1757 Second Treaty of Versailles, France agreed upon the partition of Prussia
  • Partition of the United States during the American Civil War.
  • German occupation of Czechoslovakia and Munich Agreement of 1938
  • Three Partitions of Luxembourg, the last of which in 1839, that divided Luxembourg between France, Prussia, Belgium, and the independent Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
  • Partitions of Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth in the 18th century.
  • 1905 Partition of Bengal and 1947 Partition of Bengal
  • Partition of Tyrol by the London Pact of 1915
  • Partition of the German Empire in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles
  • Partition of Prussia in 1919
  • Partition of the Ottoman Empire
  • Partition of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire in 1919 by the Treaty of St. Germain
  • Partition of Ireland in 1920 into the independent Irish Free State and (British) Northern Ireland
  • Treaty of Kars of 1921, which partitioned Ottoman Armenia between the republic of Turkey and the then Soviet Union (Western and Eastern Armenia)
  • Partition of Germany and Berlin after World War II, annexation of former eastern territories of Germany
  • Partition of East Prussia between the People's Republic of Poland and the Soviet Union
  • Partition of Korea in 1945
  • 1947 UN Partition Plan for British Mandate of Palestine; this partition was abortive, resulting only in Jewish independent state, while the proposed Arab state was never formed.
  • Partition of India (colonial British India) in 1947 into the independent dominions (later republics) of India and Pakistan (which included modern-day Bangladesh)
  • Partition of Korea in 1953
  • Partition of Punjab in 1966 into the states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh
  • Partition of Pakistan in 1971, when East Pakistan became the independent nation of Bangladesh after the Bangladesh Liberation War
  • Partition of Vietnam in 1954
  • The hypothetical partition of the Canadian province of Quebec
  • Partition of Yugoslavia in the 1990s
  • Partition of Cyprus in 1974 (de facto), into Cyprus and Northern Cyprus
  • Possible Partition of Kosovo after disputed independence in 2008.
  • Partitions of China (See 瓜分中國)

    • References

    Partition (politics) Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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