Ostrovsky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Ostrovsky (1823–1886), Russian dramatist
Arkady Ostrovsky (1914–1967), Soviet composer
Baruch Ostrovsky (1890–1960), first mayor of Ra'anana, Israel
Erika Ostrovsky, American writer
Grigory Ostrovsky, Russian painter
Leonid Ostrovsky (1936-2001), Soviet football star
Olive Ostrovsky, fictional character from the musical, The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee
Mikhail Ostrovsky, several people
Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904–1936), Russian Soviet writer, author of the novel How the Steel Was Tempered
Rafail Ostrovsky (born 1963), professor of computer science and mathematics at UCLA
Simon Ostrovsky (born 1981), Soviet-born American journalist, director, and producer
Victor Ostrovsky (born 1949), Canadian-born, Israel-raised self-proclaimed former Mossad officer and author of several books
