Oppenheim is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
A. Leo Oppenheim (1904–1974), Assyriologist
Alan V. Oppenheim (born 1937), professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT and author
Alexander Oppenheim (1903-1997), British mathematician and university administrator
Alfred Freiherr von Oppenheim (1934–2005), associate of Sal. Oppenheim bank
Alfred Oppenheim (1878-1943), German chemist and manufacturer
Avrohom Chaim Oppenheim (1796?–1824?), Rabbi at Péczel, Hungary
David Oppenheim (clarinetist) (1922–2007), an American clarinetist and classical music and television producer
David Oppenheim (poker player), American professional poker player
David Oppenheim (rabbi) (1664–1736), a chief rabbi of Prague
Dennis Oppenheim (1938–2011), American conceptual artist, performance artist, sculptor, and photographer
E. Phillips Oppenheim (1866–1946), English novelist
Heinrich Bernhard Oppenheim (1819–1880), German jurist, politician, and philosopher
Hermann Oppenheim (1858–1919), German neurologist
James Oppenheim (1882–1932), American poet, author, and editor
Jill Arlyn Oppenheim (born 1940), American actress better known as Jill St. John
L. F. L. Oppenheim (1858–1919), German jurist
Matt Oppenheim (born 1967), former Senior VP of Legal and Business Affairs for the RIAA
Max von Oppenheim (1860–1946), German diplomat and archaeologist
Meret Oppenheim (1913–1985), Swiss artist and lyricist
Moritz Daniel Oppenheim (1800–1882), German painter
Sally Oppenheim (born 1930), shortened name for Sally Oppenheim-Barnes, Baroness Oppenheim-Barnes, former UK member of Parliament
Salomon Oppenheim, Jr. (1772–1828), founder of the Sal. Oppenheim bank
Samuel Oppenheim (1857–1928), Austrian astronomer
