Onishchenko (Ukrainian: Онищенко, Russian: Онищенко), also transliterated as Onyshchenko, Onischenko or Onishenko, is a Ukrainian surname. There exists a Russified version of the surname, Anishchenko (Russian: Анищенко).
Notable people with the surname include:
Oleksandr Anishchenko (born 1950), Ukrainian statesman
Alexandr Onishenko (born 1957), Ukrainian artist
Boris Onishchenko (born 1937), Ukrainian modern pentathlete
Gennadiy Onishchenko (born 1950), Russian politician
Mikhail Onishchenko (born 1983), Russian footballer
Oleksandr Onyshchenko (born 1969), Ukrainian politician
Volodymyr Onyshchenko (born 1949), Soviet footballer and Ukrainian manager
