Old Parliament Building (Quebec) was the site of the seat of government of Lower Canada, Canada West, Province of Canada and Quebec.
It was located in what is Parc Montmorency today, the site of two Parliament buildings from 1791 to 1883.
The first building on the site was the Chapel of Bishop's Palace, which was ordered built by Bishop Saint-Vallier from 1693 to 1695. In 1777 the building was rented to the British government to house the Legislative Council under orders from then Governor General Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester. From 1791 to 1838 it was home to the House of Assembly and Legislative Council of Lower Canada.
Several Parliament Buildings were built at this site:
1777 British government rents the Chapel of Bishop's Palace within the Episcopal Palace of Quebec for the Legislative Council
1831 addition added to the Episcopal Palace and demolition of Chapel of Bishop's Palace
1840 Quebec no longer capital and buildings becomes vacant with the establishment of the Province of Canada (rotated between Kingston, Montreal and Toronto)
1850 Parliament returns to the Episcopal Palace
1852–1853 Episcopal Palace is demolished to make way for new Parliament buildings
1854 new Parliament Buildings destroyed by fire
1854–1859 Parliament relocates to two locations:
Quebec Music Hall (or Academy of Music) on rue St. Louis - a three-storey Greek Revival structure built by Charles Baillairge from 1851 to 1853; it burned down in 1900
Quebec City Courthouse – a three-storey wooden building built between 1799 and 1804; it burned down in 1873 (now home to Old Courthouse of Quebec)
1859–1860 new Parliament Building at Côte de la Montagne completed and served sessions from 1860 to 1865
1866 capital of the province moves to Ottawa, Ontario, and buildings becomes vacant
1867–1883 the province of Quebec is created and the Parliament is designated this as home until 1883
1883 Parliament destroyed after fire and Parliament was relocated to another site thereafter
post 1883 – Parliament moved to the current Parliament Building (Quebec); the old building is demolished and now known as Parc Montmorency
The parliament building was a Greek Revival structure with a dome in the central structure flanked by two wings. Built between 1830 and 1850, it was destroyed by a fire in 1854.
The building's interior is featured in Robert Harris' 1884 painting "Conference at Quebec in 1864.
