Olcott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ben W. Olcott (1872–1952), 16th Governor of Oregon
Chauncey Olcott (1858–1932), American stage actor and songwriter
Frederic P. Olcott (1841–1909), American banker and politician
Henry Steel Olcott (1832–1907), co-founder and first president of the Theosophical Society
J. Van Vechten Olcott (1856–1940), U.S. Representative
Martha Brill Olcott (born 1949), leading U.S. expert on Central Asian and the Caspian
Sidney Olcott (1873–1949), Canadian film producer, director, actor and screenwriter
Simeon Olcott (1735–1815), United States Senator
William M. K. Olcott (1862–1933), New York lawyer and politician
William Tyler Olcott (1873–1936), American lawyer and amateur astronomer
