The Ohio River and Charleston Railway was a Southeastern railroad that operated in the late 19th century.
The Ohio River and Charleston Railway Company (of South Carolina) was organized in 1894 to take over the Charleston, Cincinnati and Chicago Railroad.
In November 1894, it was consolidated with the Ohio River and Charleston Railway Company (of North Carolina), the Ohio River and Charleston Railway Company (of Virginia), and the Ohio River and Charleston Railway Company (of Tennessee) to form the Ohio River and Charleston Railway Company.
The line went into foreclosure in June 1898, with South Carolina property being sold under foreclosure on August 1, 1898, to organizers of the South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railroad Company (of South Carolina).
In February 1899, the South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railroad Company of South Carolina was consolidated with the South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railroad Company of North Carolina, to form the South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railroad Company.
In 1902, the South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railroad became part of the Southern Railway – Carolina Division.