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An octant in solid geometry is one of the eight divisions of a Euclidean three-dimensional coordinate system defined by the signs of the coordinates. It is similar to the two-dimensional quadrant and the one-dimensional ray.
The generalization of an octant is called orthant.
Naming and Numbering
A convention for naming an octant is to give its list of signs, e.g. ( + - - ) or ( - + - ). Octant ( + + + ) is sometimes referred to as the first octant, although similar ordinal name descriptors are not defined for the other seven octants. The advantages of using the ( + - - ) notation are its unambiguousness, and extensibility for higher dimensions.
References
Octant (solid geometry) Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA