Oberth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Hermann Oberth (1894–1989), Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian physicist and engineer
Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft
Oberth class starship (Star Trek)
Oberth (crater)
Hermann Oberth Space Travel Museum
Oberth effect (astrodynamics)
Christian Oberth (1953?–2012), video game programmer
Peter Oberth (born 1981)