Country Poland Gmina Gmina Nysa Town rights 1223 Area 27.5 km² Local time Tuesday 12:09 PM | County Nysa County Established 10th century Elevation 195 m (640 ft) Voivodeship Opole Voivodeship | |
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Weather 13°C, Wind W at 16 km/h, 57% Humidity Points of interest Tritonbrunnen, Muzeum Powiatowe w Nysie, Schöner Brunnen, Fort Prusy | ||
Nysa [ˈnɨsa] (German: Neisse or Neiße) is a town in southwestern Poland on the Nysa Kłodzka river, situated in the Opole Voivodeship. With 43,220 inhabitants (2015), it is the capital of Nysa County. It comprises the urban portion of the surrounding Gmina Nysa. Historically the town was part of Lower Silesia.
Contents
- Map of Nysa Poland
- History
- Nysas monuments
- Economy
- Sports
- People
- Other residents
- Twin towns Sister cities
- References
Map of Nysa, Poland
History
Nysa is one of the oldest towns in Silesia. It was probably founded in the 10th century and afterwards became the capital of a principality of its name, which around 1200 became part of the Bishopric of Wrocław as the Duchy of Nysa. The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. The town and the duchy was part of Lands of the Bohemian Crown in years 1342 - 1742.
During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) it was besieged three times. The first Silesian War (1740–41, War of the Austrian Succession) ended Austrian sovereignty over Silesia and left the town in the hands of King Frederick II of Prussia, who laid the foundations of its modern fortifications. On 25 August 1769 Neisse was the site of a meeting between Frederick II and Emperor Joseph II, co-regent in the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria.
During the Napoleonic Wars, Neisse was taken by the French in 1807. It retained its mostly Catholic character within the predominantly Protestant province of Silesia in the Kingdom of Prussia. Because of its many churches from the Gothic and Baroque periods the town was nicknamed "the Silesian Rome". From 1816-1911, the town was the seat of the Neisse District, after which it became an independent city.
After World War I, Neisse became part of the new Province of Upper Silesia. Conquered by the Red Army during World War II, the town was placed under Polish administration according to the Potsdam Agreement and renamed to the Polish Nysa. The town's German population was largely evacuated or forcibly expelled and replaced with Poles, many of whom were themselves expelled or resettled from what is now Western Ukraine (see: Kresy).
Nysa's monuments
A list of the monuments of Nysa is seen on page Nysa's monuments
Economy
Until recently, Nysa was a mojor industrial centre in the Opole Voivodeship. The town was home to metal works, machinery production, agricultural produce and construction materials. The year 2002 saw the closure of the van company ZSD. The company constructed delivery vehicles, namely the ZSD Nysa, FSO Polonez and up until recently the Citroën C15 and Berlingo. Currently, the factory remains closed.
In modern days, the Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone is located by Dubois Street (ul. Dubois) and Krapacka Street (ul. Krapacka), largely revolving around agricultural goods and produce, as well as metal works.
Sports
People
Other residents
Twin towns — Sister cities
Nysa, Poland is twinned with: