Nicolson is a patronymic surname meaning "son of Nicholas". There are alternate spellings. Notable people with the surname include:
Adam Nicolson, British writer, son of Nigel NicolsonAdela Florence Nicolson, British poet writing as "Laurence Hope"Arthur Nicolson, 1st Baron Carnock, British diplomat and politicianBenedict Nicolson, British art historian and author, son of Harold Nicolson and Vita Sackville-WestDan Henry Nicolson, American botanistDavid Nicolson, 4th Baron Carnock, British peer and solicitor.Eric James Brindley Nicolson, Royal Air Force officerGerda Nicolson, Australian actressHarold Nicolson, British diplomat, politician and writer, son of Arthur NicolsonJames Nicolson (bishop) (died 1607), Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland & Bishop of Dunkeld.John Nicolson (disambiguation), multiple peopleMarjorie Hope Nicolson (1894-1981), American literary scholarMark Nicolson, American tenor and voice teacherNigel Nicolson, British publisher, writer and politician, son of Harold Nicolson and Vita Sackville-WestPhyllis Nicolson, mathematicianWilliam Nicolson, British bishop