National Movement for the Establishment of a 49th State

The National Movement for the Establishment of the 49th State was an intellectual movement popular among African-American separatists during the 1930s. The movement sought to create a state for African Americans in the American South. The movement was led by Oscar Brown, Sr., who was a leading civil rights activist from Chicago, Illinois.

The movement did not succeed in creating a new state. Alaska became the 49th U.S. state in 1959.