Nakayama (written: 中山) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Akinori Nakayama (born 1943), Olympic gymnast
Jimmy Nakayama (1943-1965), U.S. Army Pfc. participated in the Battle of la Drang, Vietnam.
Nakayama Gishu (1900–1969), author
Nakayama Hakudo (1873–1958), martial artist
Masa Nakayama (1891–1976), politician and first female cabinet minister in Japan
Masashi Nakayama (born 1967), professional soccer player
Masatoshi Nakayama (1913–1987), karate master
Miho Nakayama (born 1970), actress, model, and singer
Nakayama Miki (1798–1887), founder of the Tenrikyo religion
Paula A. Nakayama (born 1953), Hawaii Supreme Court justice
Sara Nakayama or Manami Nakayama (born 1974), voice actress
Shinpei Nakayama (1887–1952), songwriter
Shinobu Nakayama (born 1973), actress and singer
Nakayama Tadachika (1131–1195), Japanese court noble and author
Tadashi Nakayama, (born 1927), artist
Tadashi Nakayama (1912–1964), mathematician
Nakayama Tadayasu (1809–1888), Japanese nobleman and courtier, father of Nakayama Yoshiko
Taro Nakayama (born 1924), Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs (1989–1991)
Tosiwo Nakayama (1931–2007), 1st President of the Federated States of Micronesia
Uri Nakayama (born 1981), singer-songwriter
Nakayama Yoshiko (1836–1907), lady in waiting
Yuma Nakayama (1994), artist
Nakayama Yasubei or Horibe Yasubei (died 1703)
Yūsuke Nakayama or Yūsuke Santamaria (born 1971), playwright and entertainer
Nakayama Shō or Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925), first President of the Republic of China
Chaige Nakayama (1996–), most famous gay porn star in China
