Nakatani (written: 中谷) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Carlos Nakatani (1934–2004), Mexican artistCorey Nakatani (born 1970), American jockeyGen Nakatani (中谷 元, born 1957), Japanese politicianJin Nakatani (中谷 仁, born 1979), Japanese baseball playerMichie Nakatani (中谷 美智枝, born 1961), Japanese musicianMiki Nakatani (中谷 美紀, born 1976), Japanese actress and singerTakehide Nakatani (中谷 雄英, born 1941), Japanese judokaTomoji Nakatani (中谷 智司, born 1968), Japanese politicianYusuke Nakatani (中谷 勇介, born 1978), Japanese footballer