Musil is a Czech surname, which means "he had to", from the past tense of the Czech word musit (must). The female variant is Musilová or Musilova. The name may refer to:
Alois Musil (born 1944), Czech explorer and writerBartolo Musil (born 1974), Austrian musicianBohumil Musil (1922–1999), Czech football player and coachCyril Musil (1907–1977), Czech skierDavid Musil (born 1993), Canadian-Czech ice hockey playerDonna Musil (born 1960), American filmmakerFrank Musil (born 1964), Czech ice hockey player and coachJaromír Musil (born 1988), Czech judokaJosef Musil (born 1932), Czech volleyball playerMichaela Musilová (born 1989), Czech sport shooterMiroslav Musil (born 1950), Czech wrestlerPavel Musil (born 1992), Czech ice hockey playerPetr Musil (born 1981), Czech football playerRobert Musil (1880–1942), Austrian writerRoman Musil (born 1970), Czech athleteMatt Musil (born 1980), Business magnate, philosopher