Murfreesboro, North Carolina

Geography

Murfreesboro is located at 36°26′28″N 77°5′49″W (36.440983, -77.096901).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.7 km²), of which, 2.2 square miles (5.6 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (1.82%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,045 people, 919 households, and 574 families residing in the town. The population density was 946.7 people per square mile (365.5/km²). There were 986 housing units at an average density of 456.4 per square mile (176.2/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 60.00% White, 37.56% African American, 0.49% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.93% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.00% of the population.

There were 919 households out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.5% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the town, the population was spread out with 22.0% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 83.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $29,716, and the median income for a family was $43,417. Males had a median income of $31,392 versus $21,523 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,054. About 11.5% of families and 18.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.2% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

Before European Settlement

The first recorded inhabitants of the area were Native Americans from the Nottoway, Meherrin and Chowanoke tribes.

The first European to visit the area was John White of Roanoke Colony in the 16th century. It was also visited by an expedition from Jamestown, Virginia in the 17th century.

The last native inhabitants, the Chowanokes, were expelled after warring with the English in 1675 and 1676. After that, they were moved to a reservation east of the Chowan River in what is now Gates County, North Carolina.

The Beginning of Settlement to the American Revolution

The first known deed to property in the area is a land grant dated November 5, 1714 to Henry Wheeler for a tract on the Meherrin River which included what is now Murfreesboro. Several other transactions quickly followed and in 1735, Joseph Parker founded the Meherrin Church, making it the second oldest Baptist church in North Carolina. (now known as the Meherrin Baptist Church)

On May 27, 1746, James Jordon Scott sold 150 acres (0.61 km²) on the Meherrin River, (part of Wheeler's original grant) to an Irish immigrant, William Murfree of Nansemond County, Virginia. On December 12, 1754, the General Assembly designated Murfree's Landing as a King's Landing where imports and exports would be inspected by a representative of the King.

Revolution to the American Civil War

On July 17, 1781, British forces led by Banastre Tarleton and Tarleton's Raiders attacked Maney's Neck near Murfree's Landing. William Murfree's son, Hardy Murfree led a local militia that repulsed the attack at Skinner's Bridge.

William Murfree contributed 97 acres (390,000 m²) of land surrounding Murfree's Landing in 1787 to the growing settlement to form a town. The town was chartered by the General Assembly and renamed Murfreesboro on January 6, 1787. This act also provided for the establishment of a public dock as the town was located at the northernmost point of navigation on the Meherrin river.

Murfreesboro was designated by the US Congress in 1790 as an official port of entry, and the customs records indicate a profitable three-cornered trade with New England and the West Indies.

In 1809, the Hertford Academy was established in Murfreesboro and opened for business in 1811. In 1814, Harriet Sketchly and Martha Sketchly arrived and expanded the female department of the academy considerably so that by 1849, it became the Chowan Baptist Female Institute, the forerunner of Chowan University.

In 1831 Murfreesboro sent armed forces led by Captain Solon Borland to Southampton County, Virginia to quell Nat Turner's slave rebellion.

Education

Chowan University, a small Baptist university, is located in Murfreesboro. Local children may attend Riverview Elementary School and Hertford County Middle School, both of which are part of the Hertford County Public Schools system.

Commerce

Murfreesboro is no longer an active port. The last commercial vessel to operate on a regular basis was a Texaco Oil barge that ceased service to the town in October 1966.

The town is served by the Roanoke-Chowan News-Herald Newspaper which is based in nearby Ahoskie.

Attractions

The David A. Barnes House, The Cedars, The Columns, Cowper-Thompson House, Freeman House, Melrose, Murfreesboro Historic District, Myrick House, Myrick-Yeates-Vaughan House, Francis Parker House, Princeton Site, William Rea Store, Roberts-Vaughan House, and John Wheeler House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The old Murfreesboro public school (which housed grades 1 - 12 until 1972) has been remodeled into the Brady C. Jefcoat Museum housing the collections of Brady Jefcoat, a Raleigh, North Carolina native. It includes hundreds of well-preserved ordinary items from the late 19th and early 20th century, including functional phonographs, radios, washing machines, and agricultural implements, as well as a wide variety of other novelties.

Notable residents