Mousseau is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexis Mousseau (1767–1848), farmer and political figure in Lower CanadaFrance Mousseau or Jean-Marc Généreux (born 1962), French Canadian ballroom dance champion, choreographer and TV personalityJean-Paul Mousseau (1927–1991), Quebec artist, student of Paul-Émile Borduas, member of the Automatist schoolJoseph Octave Mousseau (1844–1898), physician and political figure in QuebecJoseph-Alfred Mousseau, PC (1837–1886), French Canadian politicianJoseph-Octave Mousseau (1875–1965), lawyer and political figure in QuebecMichael Mousseau (born 1964), American political scientist