Microthelphusa is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Microthelphusa barinensis Rodríguez, 1980Microthelphusa bolivari Rodríguez, 1980Microthelphusa forcarti (Pretzmann, 1967)Microthelphusa ginesi Rodríguez & Esteves, 1972Microthelphusa meansi Cumberlidge, 2007Microthelphusa odaelkae (Bott, 1970)Microthelphusa racenisi (Rodríguez, 1966)Microthelphusa rodriguezi (Pretzmann, 1968)Microthelphusa somanni (Bott, 1967)Microthelphusa sucreensis Rodríguez & Campos, 2000Microthelphusa turumikiri Rodríguez, 1980Microthelphusa viloriai Suárez, 2006Microthelphusa wymanni (Rathbun, 1905)