The Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company was a railway company in Victoria, Australia. The company opened a line from Princes Bridge railway station in Melbourne, Australia to Punt Road (Richmond) and South Yarra (then called Gardiners Creek Road) in 1859, Prahran in 1859 and Windsor in 1860, connecting with the St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company's line from St Kilda to Bay Street (now North Brighton) in 1859 and Beach Station (now Brighton Beach) in 1861.
The Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company and the St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company were amalgamated with the Melbourne and Hobson's Bay Railway Company on 22 October 1864. The combined company, known as the Melbourne and Hobsons Bay United Railway Company, was taken over by the Government of Victoria in 1878 and it became part of Victorian Railways.