McCaffery is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aidan McCaffery (born 1957), English footballer and managerAnne McCaffery (1926–2011), American writer, winner of Hugo and Nebula awardsEdward McCaffery (born 1958), American legal scholarFran McCaffery (born 1959), American college basketball coachHarry McCaffery (1858–1928), American baseball playerJohn McCaffery (1913–1983), American television hostKen McCaffery, Australian rugby league playerLarry McCaffery (born 1946), American literary critic and editorMargo McCaffery, American nurseSeamus McCaffery (born 1950), American judgeSimon McCaffery (born 1963), American writerSteve McCaffery (born 1947), Canadian poet and academicTrudy McCaffery (1944–2007), racehorse owner and breeder