Mattox is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bain Mattox, American musicianBernadette Mattox, American basketball coachCloy Mattox (1902–1985), American baseball playerJim Mattox (1943–2008), American lawyer and politicianJim Mattox (baseball) (1896–1973), American baseball playerJon Mattox, American composerKenneth Mattox (born c. 1938), American surgeonMartha Mattox (1879–1933), American actressMarv Mattox, American football playerMatt Mattox (1922–2013), American jazz and ballet dancer