Matthäus is a given name or surname. Notable people with the name include:
Surname
Lothar Matthäus, (born 1961), German former football player and manager
Given name
Matthäus Aurogallus, Professor of Hebrew at the University of Wittenberg
Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, German master builder who helped to rebuild Dresden after the fire of 1685
Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, German statesman and archbishop of Salzburg
Matthäus Merian, Swiss engraver