Matsuo (written: 松尾) is both a Japanese surname and a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
Surname:
Ginzō Matsuo (1951–2001), a Japanese voice actor
Hayato Matsuo (born 1965), a Japanese video game and anime composer, arranger and orchestrator
Kayo Matsuo (born 1943), a Japanese actress
Kazumi Matsuo (born 1974), a Japanese female marathon runner
Kinoaki Matsuo, a Foreign Affairs Officer and Navy Admiralty Liaison, Black Dragon Society member, writer, and Japanese Navy strategizer
Kiyonori Matsuo (born 1951), a Japanese singer
Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694), the most famous poet of the Edo period in Japan.
Seijiro Matsuo, the second president of the Dojin-kai
Shizuka Matsuo (born 1986), a Japanese female badminton player
Yukimi Matsuo (born 1987), a Japanese beauty pageant
Given name:
Matsuo Fujimoto (1922–1962), a Japanese man charged for a 1952 murder and executed by hanging in 1962
Matsuo Sugano, a Japanese astronomer
Matsuo Yokoyama (born 1927), former president of Walt Disney Enterprises of Japan