Matson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aaron Matson (1770–1855), U.S. Representative from New HampshireApril Matson (born 1981), American actressBoyd Matson, American TV anchorCanute R. Matson (1843–1903), Norwegian-born American politicianChelsey Matson (born 1982), Canadian curlerCourtland C. Matson (1841–1915), U.S. Representative from IndianaFrank Matson (1905–1985), Welsh footballerG. Eric Matson (1888–1977), American photographerHarold Matson (1898–1988), American literary agentJohnny Matson (born 1951), professor of psychology at Louisiana State UniversityLeroy E. Matson (1896–1950), American juristLurline Matson Roth, American heiress, equestrian, philanthropist from San Francisco.Margaret Matson, alleged witch in 17th-century PennsylvaniaMichael Matson (born 1984), American adventurerOllie Matson (1930–2011), American football player and sprinterPamela Matson (born 1953), dean of the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford UniversityPat Matson (born 1944), American Football League and National Football League offensive linemanPhil Matson (1884–1928), Australian rules football player and coachRandy Matson (born 1945), American shot putter and Olympic gold medalistVictor Matson (1895–1972), American painterWilliam Matson (1849–1917), founder of the Matson Navigation CompanyWallace Matson, professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley