Matson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aaron Matson (1770–1855), U.S. Representative from New Hampshire
April Matson (born 1981), American actress
Boyd Matson, American TV anchor
Canute R. Matson (1843–1903), Norwegian-born American politician
Chelsey Matson (born 1982), Canadian curler
Courtland C. Matson (1841–1915), U.S. Representative from Indiana
Frank Matson (1905–1985), Welsh footballer
G. Eric Matson (1888–1977), American photographer
Harold Matson (1898–1988), American literary agent
Johnny Matson (born 1951), professor of psychology at Louisiana State University
Leroy E. Matson (1896–1950), American jurist
Lurline Matson Roth, American heiress, equestrian, philanthropist from San Francisco.
Margaret Matson, alleged witch in 17th-century Pennsylvania
Michael Matson (born 1984), American adventurer
Ollie Matson (1930–2011), American football player and sprinter
Pamela Matson (born 1953), dean of the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University
Pat Matson (born 1944), American Football League and National Football League offensive lineman
Phil Matson (1884–1928), Australian rules football player and coach
Randy Matson (born 1945), American shot putter and Olympic gold medalist
Victor Matson (1895–1972), American painter
William Matson (1849–1917), founder of the Matson Navigation Company
Wallace Matson, professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley
