Built 1901 NRHP Reference # 75000158 Area 4,047 m² Added to NRHP 2 May 1975 | Architect Carl Taylor Opened 1901 Phone +1 508-771-2144 | |
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Location South Wellfleet, Massachusetts Address Cape Cod National Seashore, Wellfleet, MA 02667, USA Similar Marconi Beach, Duck Harbor Beach, Nauset Light, Race Point Light, Mayo Beach Light | ||
The Marconi Wireless Station Site in South Wellfleet, Massachusetts is the site of the first transatlantic wireless communication between the United States and Europe. At this location, now in the Cape Cod National Seashore (though no admission is charged if not visiting Marconi Beach), inventor Guglielmo Marconi erected a large antenna array on four 210-foot (64 m) wooden towers, and established a transmitting station powered by kerosene engines that produced the 25,000 volts of electricity needed to send signals to a similar station in Poldhu, Cornwall, United Kingdom. The first transmissions received in North America by Marconi were at Signal Hill, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador in 1901 and Glace Bay, Nova Scotia in 1902.
One of the station's most notable roles occurred with the sinking of the RMS Titanic in April 1912. Operators at the station were able to alert the RMS Carpathia so that the rescue of some of the Titanic's passengers could be effected. The station was shut down in 1917 in part over concerns about its use in World War I, but also because its towers were threatened with erosion. In 1920, usable materials and equipment were removed from the site, and it was abandoned. Erosion has taken its toll over the years since then, and there was little left as of the date of the National Park Service brochure. No trace of the site remains as of September 2014; the sea has claimed it all.
Marconi had moved the station to Chatham by 1912 and the Titanic and Carpathia communications were done from there. There is debate of whether the Wellfleet station was ever put into commercial operation.
The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.