man vs technology is a theme in literature that places a character against technology.
Frankenstein is often considered the classic exposition of this theme, with a scientifically created human becoming a destructive monster.
It is also a common theme in science fiction, with Blade Runner, The Terminator and The Matrix being popular examples. Another example would be in "2001: A Space Odyssey" when Frank and Dave battle their flight computer, the HAL 9000.
Often, it is external as well as internal. It is mostly external conflict.
References
Man vs. Technology Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA