Malinovsky (Russian: Малиновский), or Malinovskaya (feminine; Малиновская) is a Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexey Malinovsky (1762–1840), Russian historian and academicianMark Malinovsky (1851–1876 or 1877), Russian revolutionaryMikhail Malinovsky (1880–?), Russian obstetrician, gynaecologist, and academicianRodion Malinovsky (1898–1967), Soviet military commander and the Defense Minister of the Soviet UnionRoman Malinovsky (1876–1918), agent provocateur of the OkhranaVasily Demut-Malinovsky (1779–1846), Russian sculptorVasily Malinovsky (1765–1814), Russian publicist and enlightenerAlexander Bogdanov (1873–1928), real last name Malinovsky, Russian physician, philosopher, economist, science fiction writer, and revolutionaryBronisław Kasper Malinowski (1884–1942) Polish anthropologist