Madero is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Eduardo Madero (1823-1894), Argentine merchant, banker and developer
Emilio Madero (1880-1962), Mexican officer during the Mexican Revolution
Francisco I. Madero (1873–1913), politician, writer and revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913
Gustavo A. Madero (1875–1913), participant in the Mexican Revolution against Porfirio Díaz
Pablo Emilio Madero (1921–2007), Mexican politician
Raúl Madero (born 1939), Argentine sports physician and former football player.
Adalberto Madero (born 1969), Mexican lawyer and right-wing politician
Teresa García de Madero, Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party