The Macrocephali in Medieval bestiaries were a race of humanoids with large heads.
Ancient records
A tribe of African men who had long heads. Their name translates as "large headed". They were mentioned by Hesiod, Hippocrates, Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Valerius Flaccus, Xenophon, Strabo, and Eustathius. Some sources indicate that they may have come from India.
References
Macrocephali Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA