BISC (British international school ciaro) rules
This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Portugal. There are well over 100 mammal species in Portugal, 86 are mentioned on this page, of which 2 are critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 11 are vulnerable, and 1 is near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Castorimorpha
Family: Castoridae (beavers)
Subfamily: Castorinae
Tribe: Castorini
Genus: Castor
Eurasian beaver Castor fiber globally LC, locally EX
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Sciurini
Genus: Sciurus
Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris NT
Family: Gliridae (dormice)
Subfamily: Leithiinae
Genus: Eliomys
Garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus VU
Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings)
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Arvicola
Southwestern water vole Arvicola sapidus LR/nt
Water vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
Genus: Microtus
Field vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc
Cabrera's vole Microtus cabrerae LR/nt
Mediterranean pine vole Microtus duodecimcostatus LR/lc
Lusitanian pine vole Microtus lusitanicus LR/lc
Family: Muridae (mice and rats)
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Apodemus
Wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus LC
Genus: Mus
House mouse Mus musculus LC
Algerian mouse Mus spretus LC
Genus: Rattus
Black rat Rattus rattus LC
Brown rat Rattus norvegicus LC
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Oryctolagus
European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus LR/lc
Genus: Lepus
Granada hare Lepus granatensis LC
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Erinaceus
West European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula LC
Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
Genus: Suncus
Etruscan shrew Suncus etruscus LC
Subfamily: Soricinae
Tribe: Nectogalini
Genus: Neomys
Southern water shrew Neomys anomalus LR/lc
Tribe: Soricini
Genus: Sorex
Iberian shrew Sorex granarius LR/lc
Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
Subfamily: Talpinae
Tribe: Desmanini
Genus: Galemys
Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus VU
Tribe: Talpini
Genus: Talpa
Iberian mole Talpa occidentalis LR/lc
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Bechstein's bat Myotis bechsteini VU
Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc
Geoffroy's bat Myotis emarginatus VU
Escalera's bat Myotis escalerai VU
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis LR/nt
Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Barbastella
Barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus VU
Genus: Eptesicus
Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
Genus: Nyctalus
Azores noctule Nyctalus azoreum VU
Greater noctule bat Nyctalus lasiopterus LR/nt
Lesser noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt
Common noctule Nyctalus noctula LR/lc
Genus: Pipistrellus
Madeira pipistrelle Pipistrellus maderensis VU
Genus: Plecotus
Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc
Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
Family: Miniopteridae
Genus: Miniopterus
Schreibers' long-fingered bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Tadarida
European free-tailed bat Tadarida teniotis LR/lc
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Mediterranean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale VU
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
Mehely's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus mehelyi VU
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenidae
Genus: Eubalaena
North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis EN
Family: Balaenopteridae
Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus EN
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Phocoenidae
Genus: Phocoena
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena VU
Family: Physeteridae
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus VU
Family: Kogiidae
Genus: Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps LR/lc
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima LR/lc
Family: Ziphidae
Genus: Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris DD
Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
Genus: Hyperoodon
Bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus LR/cd
Genus: Mesoplodon
Sowerby's beaked whale Mesoplodon bidens DD
Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris DD
True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus DD
Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Genus: Steno
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis DD
Genus: Tursiops
Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus DD
Genus: Stenella
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis DD
Genus: Delphinus
Common dolphin Delphinus delphis LR/lc
Genus: Lagenorhynchus
Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus LR/lc
White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris LR/lc
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus DD
Genus: Feresa
Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata DD
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens LR/lc
Genus: Globicephala
Pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus LR/cd
Pilot whale Globicephala melas LR/lc
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Wildcat Felis silvestris LC
Genus: Lynx
Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus globally CR, locally EW
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Genetta
Common genet Genetta genetta LR/lc
Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
Genus: Herpestes
Egyptian mongoose Herpestes ichneumon LR/lc
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Genus: Canis
Gray wolf Canis lupus LC
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Brown bear Ursus arctos globally LR/lc, locally EX
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mustela
Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
European polecat Mustela putorius LR/lc
Genus: Martes
Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
Pine marten Martes martes LR/lc
Genus: Meles
Eurasian badger Meles meles LR/lc
Genus: Lutra
European otter Lutra lutra NT
Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
Genus: Cystophora
Hooded seal Cystophora cristata LR/lc
Genus: Erignathus
Bearded seal Erignathus barbatus LR/lc
Genus: Monachus
Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus CR
Genus: Phoca
Common seal Phoca vitulina LR/lc
Genus: Pusa
Ringed seal Pusa hispida LR/lc
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Cervus
Red deer Cervus elaphus LR/lc
Genus: Dama
Fallow deer Dama dama LR/lc
Subfamily: Capreolinae
Genus: Capreolus
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Capra
Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica LR/nt
wild boar LR/nt
