This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Oman. There are 62 mammal species in Oman, of which 1 is critically endangered, 4 are endangered, 8 are vulnerable, and 2 are near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.
Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
Genus: Procavia
Cape hyrax, Procavia capensis LC
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Family: Dugongidae
Genus: Dugong
Dugong, Dugong dugon VU
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
Subfamily: Dipodinae
Genus: Jaculus
Lesser Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus jaculus LC
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Deomyinae
Genus: Acomys
Cairo spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus LC
Golden spiny mouse, Acomys russatus LR/lc
Subfamily: Gerbillinae
Genus: Gerbillus
Cheesman's gerbil, Gerbillus cheesmani LR/lc
Wagner's gerbil, Gerbillus dasyurus LR/lc
Pygmy gerbil, Gerbillus henleyi LC
Gerbillus nanus LC
Genus: Meriones
Arabian jird, Meriones arimalius EN
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Hemiechinus
Desert hedgehog, Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Arabian shrew, Crocidura arabica LR/lc
Dhofar shrew, Crocidura dhofarensis CR
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Rousettus
Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus LC
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus VU
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Eptesicus
Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
Sind bat, Eptesicus nasutus VU
Genus: Hypsugo
Arabian pipistrelle, Hypsugo arabicus VU
Bodenheimer's pipistrelle, Hypsugo bodenheimeri LR/nt
Genus: Nyctalus
Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LR/lc
Genus: Otonycteris
Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii LR/lc
Genus: Pipistrellus
Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
Family: Rhinopomatidae
Genus: Rhinopoma
Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickei LC
Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum LC
Small mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma muscatellum LR/lc
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Tadarida
Egyptian free-tailed bat, Tadarida aegyptiaca LC
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Blasius's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus blasii NT
Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus clivosus LC
Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
Genus: Asellia
Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC
Genus: Triaenops
Persian trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenidae
Family: Balaenopteridae
Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
Subfamily: Megapterinae
Genus: Megaptera
Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae VU Critically endangered, and the most isolated population in the world
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Phocoenidae
Genus: Neophocaena
Finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD
Family:Physeteridae
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
Family: Kogiidae
Genus: Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps LR/lc
Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LR/lc
Family: Ziphidae
Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
Genus: Mesoplodon
Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Genus: Steno
Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
Genus: Sousa
Sousa chinensis DD
Genus: Tursiops
Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
Genus: Stenella
Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LR/cd
Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LR/cd
Genus: Delphinus
Common dolphin, Delphinus capensis LR/lc
Genus: Lagenodelphis
Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
Genus: Feresa
Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LR/lc
Genus: Orcinus
Orca, Orcinus orca LR/cd
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Caracal
Caracal, Caracal caracal LC
Genus: Felis
Sand cat, Felis margarita NT
Wildcat, Felis silvestris LC
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Arabian leopard, Panthera pardus nimr CR
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Genetta
Common genet, Genetta genetta LR/lc
Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
Genus: Ichneumia
White-tailed mongoose, Ichneumia albicauda LR/lc
Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
Genus: Hyaena
Striped hyena, Hyaena hyaena NT
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Blanford's fox, Vulpes cana VU
Ruppell's fox Vulpes ruppellii DD
Genus: Canis
Golden jackal, Canis aureus LC
Gray wolf, Canis lupus LC
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mellivora
Ratel, Mellivora capensis LR/lc
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Gazella
Mountain gazelle, Gazella gazella VU
Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa VU
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Capra
Wild goat, Capra aegagrus VU
Nubian ibex, Capra nubiana EN
Genus: Hemitragus
Arabian tahr, Hemitragus jayakari EN
Subfamily: Hippotraginae
Genus: Oryx
Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx EN
