This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Nepal. There are 137 mammal species in Nepal, of which 1 is critically endangered, 11 are endangered, 20 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.
Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
Genus: Elephas
Asian elephant Elephas maximus EN
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
Genus: Macaca
Assam macaque Macaca assamensis VU
Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta LR/nt
Subfamily: Colobinae
Genus: Semnopithecus
Gray langur Semnopithecus entellus LR/nt
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Hystricognathi
Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
Genus: Hystrix
Malayan porcupine Hystrix brachyura VU
Indian porcupine Hystrix indica LR/lc
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Ratufinae
Genus: Ratufa
Black giant squirrel Ratufa bicolor LR/lc
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Pteromyini
Genus: Belomys
Hairy-footed flying squirrel Belomys pearsonii LR/nt
Genus: Hylopetes
Particolored flying squirrel Hylopetes alboniger EN
Genus: Petaurista
Spotted giant flying squirrel Petaurista elegans LR/lc
Hodgson's giant flying squirrel Petaurista magnificus LR/nt
Bhutan giant flying squirrel Petaurista nobilis LR/nt
Subfamily: Callosciurinae
Genus: Callosciurus
Irrawaddy squirrel Callosciurus pygerythrus VU
Genus: Dremomys
Orange-bellied Himalayan squirrel Dremomys lokriah LR/lc
Genus: Funambulus
Northern palm squirrel Funambulus pennantii LR/lc
Genus: Tamiops
Himalayan striped squirrel Tamiops macclellandi LR/lc
Family: Spalacidae
Subfamily: Rhizomyinae
Genus: Cannomys
Lesser bamboo rat Cannomys badius LR/lc
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Cricetinae
Genus: Cricetulus
Tibetan dwarf hamster Cricetulus alticola LR/lc
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Alticola
Stoliczka's mountain vole Alticola stoliczkanus LR/lc
Strachey's mountain vole Alticola stracheyi LR/lc
Genus: Microtus
Sikkim vole Microtus sikimensis LR/lc
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Gerbillinae
Genus: Tatera
Indian gerbil Tatera indica LR/lc
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Apodemus
Himalayan field mouse Apodemus gurkha LR/lc
Kashmir field mouse Apodemus rusiges LR/lc
Ward's field mouse Apodemus wardi LR/lc
Genus: Bandicota
Greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica LR/lc
Genus: Dacnomys
Millard's rat Dacnomys millardi LR/lc
Genus: Diomys
Crump's mouse Diomys crumpi LR/nt
Genus: Millardia
Soft-furred rat Millardia meltada LR/lc
Genus: Mus
Little Indian field mouse Mus booduga LR/lc
Fawn-colored mouse Mus cervicolor LR/lc
Cook's mouse Mus cookii LR/lc
Rock-loving mouse Mus saxicola LR/lc
Earth-colored mouse Mus terricolor LR/lc
Genus: Niviventer
Smoke-bellied rat Niviventer eha LR/lc
Chestnut white-bellied rat Niviventer fulvescens LR/lc
White-bellied rat Niviventer niviventer LR/lc
Genus: Rattus
Himalayan field rat Rattus nitidus LR/lc
Sikkim rat Rattus sikkimensis VU
Tanezumi rat Rattus tanezumi LR/lc
Turkestan rat Rattus turkestanicus LR/lc
Genus: Vandeleuria
Asiatic long-tailed climbing mouse Vandeleuria oleracea LR/lc
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
Genus: Ochotona
Black-lipped pika Ochotona curzoniae LR/lc
Himalayan pika Ochotona himalayana LR/lc
Large-eared pika Ochotona macrotis LR/lc
Nubra pika Ochotona nubrica LR/lc
Royle's pika Ochotona roylei LR/lc
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Caprolagus
Hispid hare Caprolagus hispidus EN
Genus: Lepus
Woolly hare Lepus oiostolus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Grey shrew Crocidura attenuata LR/lc
Horsefield's shrew Crocidura horsfieldii LR/lc
Genus: Suncus
Etruscan shrew Suncus etruscus LC
Asian house shrew Suncus murinus LR/lc
Anderson's shrew Suncus stoliczkanus LR/lc
Genus: Soriculus
Long-tailed brown-toothed shrew Soriculus leucops LR/lc
Long-tailed mountain shrew Soriculus macrurus LR/lc
Himalayan shrew Soriculus nigrescens LR/lc
Tribe: Soricini
Genus: Sorex
Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
Subfamily: Talpinae
Tribe: Talpini
Genus: Euroscaptor
Himalayan mole Euroscaptor micrura LR/lc
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Cynopterus
Lesser dog-faced fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis LR/lc
Greater short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx
Genus: Macroglossus
Hill long-tongued fruit bat Macroglossus sobrinus
Genus: Megaerops
Niphan's tailless fruit bat Megaerops niphanae
Genus: Pteropus
Indian flying-fox Pteropus giganteus LR/lc
Genus: Rousettus
Fulvous fruit bat Rousettus leschenaulti
Genus: Sphareias
Blanford's fruit bat Sphaerias blanfordi
Family: Hipposideridae (leaf nosed bats)
Genus: Coelops
Tailless leaf-nosed bat Coelops frithi
Genus: Hipposideros
Least leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros cineraceus
Fulvus leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros fulvus
Lankadiva bat Hipposideros lankadiva
Horsefield's leaf=nosed bat Hipposideros larvatus
Andersen's leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros pomona
Family: Megadermatidae
Genus: Megaderma (false vampire bats)
Greater false vampire bat Megaderma lyra
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Kerivoulinae
Genus: Kerivoula
Painted bat Kerivoula picta LR/lc
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Csorba's mouse-eared bat Myotis csorbai DD
Water bat Myotis daubentonii
Hodgson's bat Myotis formosus
Kashmir cave bat Myotis longipes VU
Whiskered myotis Myotis muricola LR/lc
Mandelli's mouse-eared bat Myotis sicarius VU
Himalayan whiskered bat Myotis siligorensis LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Arielulus
Black-gilded pipistrelle Arielulus circumdatus LR/lc
Genus: Barbastella
Eastern barbastelle Barbastella leucomelas LR/lc
Genus: Eptesicus
Tate's bat Eptesicus tatei
Genus: Falsistrellus
Chocolate pipistrelle Falsistrellus affinis LR/lc
Genus: Hesperoptenus
Tickell's bat Hesperoptenus tickelli LR/lc
Genus: Ia
Great evening bat Ia io LR/nt
Genus: Nyctalus
Mountain noctule Nyctalus montanus LR/nt
Genus: Philetor
Rohu's bat Philetor brachypterus LR/lc
Genus: Pipistrellus
Indian pipistrelle Pipistrellus coromandra LR/lc
Javan's pipistrelle Pipistrellus javanicus
Paternal pipistrelle Pipistrellus paterculus
Pygmy pipistrelle Pipistrellus mimus
Thomas's pipistrelle Pipistrellus cadornae
Chocolate pipistrelle Falsistrellus affinis
Genus: Scotomanes
Harlequin bat Scotomanes ornatus LR/nt
Lesser Asiatic yellow bat Scotophilus kuhlii LR/lc
Greater Asiatic yellow bat Scotophilus heathii LR/lc
Subfamily: Murininae
Genus: Murina
Hutton's tube-nosed bat Murina huttoni LR/nt
Great tube-nosed bat Murina leucogaster
Subfamily: Miniopterinae
Genus: Miniopterus
Small bent-winged bat Miniopterus pusillus LR/lc
Schreibers' long-fingered bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Chaerephon
Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat Chaerephon plicata LR/lc
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Intermediate horseshoe bat Rhinolophus affinis LR/lc
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
Blyth's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus lepidus LR/lc
Woolly horseshoe bat Rhinolophus luctus LR/lc
Big-eared horseshoe bat Rhinolophus macrotis LR/lc
Pearson's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pearsoni LR/lc
Least horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pusillus LR/lc
Rufous horseshoe bat Rhinolophus rouxi LR/lc
Chinese rufous horseshoe bat Rhinolophus sinicus LR/lc
Little Nepalese horseshoe bat Rhinolophus subbadius DD
Trefoli horseshoe bat Rhinolophus trifoliatus
Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
Genus: Hipposideros
Great roundleaf bat Hipposideros armiger LR/lc
Pomona roundleaf bat Hipposideros pomona LR/lc
The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.
Family: Manidae
Genus: Manis
Chinese pangolin Manis pentadactyla Critically endangered
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Platanistidae
Genus: Platanista
Ganges and Indus river dolphin Platanista gangetica EN
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Catopuma
Asian golden cat Catopuma temminckii VU
Genus: Felis
Jungle cat Felis chaus LC
Genus: Lynx
Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx NT
Genus: Pardofelis
Marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata VU
Genus: Prionailurus
Leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis LC
Fishing cat Prionailurus viverrinus VU
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Neofelis
Clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa VU
Genus: Panthera
Indian leopard Panthera pardus fusca NT
Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris EN
Genus: Uncia
Snow leopard Uncia uncia EN
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Paradoxurinae
Genus: Paguma
Masked palm civet Paguma larvata LR/lc
Genus: Paradoxurus
Asian palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus LR/lc
Subfamily: Prionodontinae
Genus: Prionodon
Spotted linsang Prionodon pardicolor LR/lc
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Viverra
Large Indian civet Viverra zibetha LR/lc
Genus: Viverricula
Small Indian civet Viverricula indica LR/lc
Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
Genus: Herpestes
Indian gray mongoose Herpestes edwardsii LR/lc
Small Asian mongoose Herpestes javanicus LR/lc
Crab-eating mongoose Herpestes urva LR/lc
Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
Genus: Hyaena
Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Ailuridae (lesser panda)
Genus: Ailurus
Red panda Ailurus fulgens EN
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Bengal fox Vulpes bengalensis LC
Tibetan fox Vulpes ferrilata LC
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Genus: Canis
Golden jackal Canis aureus LC
Gray wolf Canis lupus LC
Genus: Cuon
Dhole Cuon alpinus EN
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Brown bear Ursus arctos LR/lc
Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus VU
Genus: Melursus
Sloth bear Melursus ursinus VU
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mustela
Yellow-bellied weasel Mustela kathiah LR/lc
Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica LR/lc
Genus: Martes
Martes flavigula LR/lc
Genus: Mellivora
Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc
Genus: Lutrogale
Smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata VU
Genus: Aonyx
Oriental small-clawed otter Aonyx cinereus NT
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Rhinocerotidae
Genus: Rhinoceros
Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis VU
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Subfamily: Suinae
Genus: Sus
Pygmy hog Sus salvanius CR
Boar Sus scrofa LR/lc
Family: Tragulidae
Genus: Moschiola
Chevrotain Moschiola meminna LR/lc
Family: Moschidae
Genus: Moschus
Himalayan musk deer Moschus chrysogaster LR/nt
Dusky musk deer Moschus fuscus LR/nt
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Cervus
Barasingha Cervus duvaucelii VU
Genus: Axis
Chital Axis axis LR/lc
Subfamily: Muntiacinae
Genus: Muntiacus
Indian muntjac Muntiacus muntjak LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Antilope
Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra NT
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: Bos
Gaur Bos frontalis VU
Yak Bos grunniens VU
Genus: Bubalus
Wild Asian water buffalo Bubalus bubalis EN
Genus: Tetracerus
Four-horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornis VU
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Nemorhaedus
Mainland serow Capricornis milneedwardsii VU
Genus: Pseudois
Bharal Pseudois nayaur LC
