This is a list of the naturally occurring mammal species recorded in Mongolia. There are 121 mammal species in Mongolia, of which 2 are critically endangered, 4 are endangered, 9 are vulnerable, and 6 are near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Castoridae (beavers)
Genus: Castor
European beaver Castor fiber NT
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Sciurini
Genus: Sciurus
Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris NT
Tribe: Pteromyini
Genus: Pteromys
Siberian flying squirrel Pteromys volans LR/nt
Subfamily: Xerinae
Tribe: Marmotini
Genus: Marmota
Gray marmot Marmota baibacina LR/lc
Tarbagan marmot Marmota sibirica LR/lc
Genus: Spermophilus
Alashan ground squirrel Spermophilus alashanicus LR/lc
Daurian ground squirrel Spermophilus dauricus LR/lc
Red-cheeked ground squirrel Spermophilus erythrogenys LR/lc
Long-tailed ground squirrel Spermophilus undulatus LR/lc
Genus: Tamias
Siberian chipmunk Tamias sibiricus LR/lc
Family: Gliridae (dormice)
Subfamily: Leithiinae
Genus: Dryomys
Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
Subfamily: Allactaginae
Genus: Allactaga
Balikun jerboa Allactaga balikunica LR/lc
Gobi jerboa Allactaga bullata LR/nt
Mongolian five-toed jerboa Allactaga sibirica LR/lc
Genus: Pygeretmus
Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa Pygeretmus pumilio LR/lc
Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
Genus: Cardiocranius
Five-toed pygmy jerboa Cardiocranius paradoxus VU
Genus: Salpingotus
Thick-tailed pygmy jerboa Salpingotus crassicauda VU
Kozlov's pygmy jerboa Salpingotus kozlovi LR/nt
Subfamily: Dipodinae
Genus: Dipus
Northern three-toed jerboa Dipus sagitta LR/lc
Genus: Stylodipus
Andrews's three-toed jerboa Stylodipus andrewsi LR/lc
Mongolian three-toed jerboa Stylodipus sungorus LR/lc
Subfamily: Euchoreutinae
Genus: Euchoreutes
Long-eared jerboa Euchoreutes naso EN
Subfamily: Sicistinae
Genus: Sicista
Northern birch mouse Sicista betulina LR/nt
Family: Spalacidae
Subfamily: Myospalacinae
Genus: Myospalax
Transbaikal zokor Myospalax psilurus LR/lc
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Cricetinae
Genus: Allocricetulus
Mongolian hamster Allocricetulus curtatus LR/lc
Genus: Cricetulus
Chinese striped hamster Cricetulus barabensis LR/lc
Long-tailed dwarf hamster Cricetulus longicaudatus LR/lc
Gray dwarf hamster Cricetulus migratorius LR/nt
Sokolov's dwarf hamster Cricetulus sokolovi LR/lc
Genus: Phodopus
Campbell's dwarf hamster Phodopus campbelli LR/lc
Roborovski hamster Phodopus roborovskii LR/lc
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Alticola
Gobi Altai mountain vole Alticola barakshin LR/lc
Large-eared vole Alticola macrotis LR/lc
Mongolian silver vole Alticola semicanus LR/lc
Flat-headed vole Alticola strelzowi LR/lc
Tuva silver vole Alticola tuvinicus LR/lc
Genus: Arvicola
Water vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
Genus: Clethrionomys
Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
Grey red-backed vole Clethrionomys rufocanus LR/lc
Northern red-backed vole Clethrionomys rutilus LR/lc
Genus: Ellobius
Zaisan mole vole Ellobius tancrei LR/lc
Genus: Eolagurus
Yellow steppe lemming Eolagurus luteus LR/cd
Przewalski's steppe lemming Eolagurus przewalskii LR/lc
Genus: Lagurus
Steppe lemming Lagurus lagurus LR/lc
Genus: Lasiopodomys
Brandt's vole Lasiopodomys brandtii LR/lc
Genus: Microtus
Field vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc
Narrow-headed vole Microtus gregalis LR/lc
Lacustrine vole Microtus limnophilus LR/lc
Maximowicz's vole Microtus maximowiczii LR/lc
Mongolian vole Microtus mongolicus LR/lc
Common vole Microtus arvalis LR/lc
Tundra vole Microtus oeconomus LC
Genus: Myopus
Wood lemming Myopus schisticolor NT
Genus: Ondatra
Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus LR/lc
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Gerbillinae
Genus: Meriones
Midday jird Meriones meridianus LR/lc
Meriones unguiculatus LR/lc
Genus: Rhombomys
Great gerbil Rhombomys opimus LR/lc
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Apodemus
Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae LR/lc
Ural field mouse Apodemus uralensis LR/lc
Genus: Micromys
Harvest mouse Micromys minutus LR/nt
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
Genus: Ochotona
Alpine pika Ochotona alpina LR/lc
Daurian pika Ochotona dauurica LR/lc
Hoffmann's pika Ochotona hoffmanni VU
Northern pika Ochotona hyperborea LR/lc
Pallas's pika Ochotona pallasi LR/lc
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Lepus
Mountain hare Lepus timidus LR/lc
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, while gymnures (who are not found in Mongolia) look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Hemiechinus
Long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc
Genus: Mesechinus
Daurian hedgehog Mesechinus dauuricus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Siberian shrew Crocidura sibirica LR/lc
Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
Subfamily: Soricinae
Tribe: Nectogalini
Genus: Neomys
Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens LR/lc
Tribe: Soricini
Genus: Sorex
Laxmann's shrew Sorex caecutiens LR/lc
Siberian large-toothed shrew Sorex daphaenodon LR/lc
Eurasian least shrew Sorex minutissimus LR/lc
Flat-skulled shrew Sorex roboratus LR/lc
Tundra shrew Sorex tundrensis LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
Subfamily: Talpinae
Tribe: Talpini
Genus: Talpa
Altai mole Talpa altaica LR/lc
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
Brandt's bat Myotis brandti LR/lc
Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc
Ikonnikov's bat Myotis ikonnikovi LR/lc
Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Eptesicus
Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
Gobi big brown bat Eptesicus gobiensis LR/lc
Northern bat Eptesicus nilssoni LR/lc
Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
Genus: Hypsugo
Savi's pipistrelle Hypsugo savii LR/lc
Genus: Plecotus
Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc
Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
Genus: Vespertilio
Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc
Subfamily: Murininae
Genus: Murina
Greater tube-nosed bat Murina leucogaster LR/lc
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Pallas's cat Felis manul NT
Mongolian wildcat Felis silvestris chutuchta LC
Genus: Lynx
Turkestan lynx Lynx lynx isabellinus NT
Altai lynx Lynx lynx wardi NT
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Caspian tiger Panthera tigris virgata EX
Siberian tiger Panthera tigris altaica EN/EX
Genus: Uncia
Snow leopard Uncia uncia EN
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Corsac fox Vulpes corsac LC
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Genus: Canis
Tibetan wolf Canis lupus chanco LC
Eurasian wolf Canis lupus lupus LC
Genus: Cuon
Ussuri dhole Cuon alpinus alpinus EN/EX (presence uncertain)
Tien Shan dhole Cuon alpinus hesperius EN/EX (presence uncertain)
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Gobi bear Ursus arctos gobiensis CR
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mustela
Mountain weasel Mustela altaica LR/lc
Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
Genus: Vormela
Marbled polecat Vormela peregusna LR/lc
Genus: Martes
Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
Sable Martes zibellina LR/lc
Genus: Gulo
Wolverine Gulo gulo VU
Genus: Lutra
European otter Lutra lutra NT
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
Genus: Equus
Przewalski's horse Equus ferus przewalskii EN
Mongolian wild ass Equus hemionus hemionus EN
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
Genus: Camelus
Wild Bactrian camel Camelus ferus CR
Family: Suidae
Genus: Sus
Wild boar Sus scrofa LR/lc
Family: Moschidae
Genus: Moschus
Siberian musk deer Moschus moschiferus VU
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Cervus
Wapiti Cervus canadensis LR/lc
Subfamily: Odocoileinae
Genus: Capreolus
Siberian roe deer Capreolus pygargus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Gazella
Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa VU
Genus: Procapra
Zeren Procapra gutturosa LC
Genus: Saiga
Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica CR
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Capra
Siberian ibex Capra sibrica LR/lc
Genus: Ovis
Argali Ovis ammon VU
