This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Germany. There are 97 mammal species in Germany, of which 0 are critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 8 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened. 1 of the species listed for Germany can no longer be found in the wild.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara of South America can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Castoridae (beavers)
Genus: Castor
European beaver Castor fiber NT
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Sciurini
Genus: Sciurus
Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris NT
Subfamily: Xerinae
Tribe: Marmotini
Genus: Marmota
Alpine marmot Marmota marmota LR/lc
Genus: Spermophilus
European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus VU
Family: Gliridae (dormice)
Subfamily: Leithiinae
Genus: Dryomys
Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
Genus: Eliomys
Garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus VU
Genus: Muscardinus
Hazel dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius LR/nt
Subfamily: Glirinae
Genus: Glis
Edible dormouse Glis glis LR/nt
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Cricetinae
Genus: Cricetus
European hamster Cricetus cricetus LR/lc
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Arvicola
Water vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
Genus: Clethrionomys
Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
Grey red-backed vole Clethrionomys rufocanus LR/lc
Genus: Microtus
Field vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc
Common vole Microtus arvalis LR/lc
Bavarian pine vole Microtus bavaricus DD
Tundra vole Microtus oeconomus LC
European pine vole Microtus subterraneus LR/lc
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Apodemus
Yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis LR/lc
Wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus
Striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius
House mouse Mus musculus
Brown rat Rattus norvegicus
Genus: Micromys
Harvest mouse Micromys minutus LR/nt
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Oryctolagus
European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus LR/lc
Genus: Lepus
European hare Lepus europaeus LR/lc
Mountain hare Lepus timidus LR/lc
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Erinaceus
West European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Bicolored shrew Crocidura leucodon LR/lc
Greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula LC
Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
Subfamily: Soricinae
Tribe: Nectogalini
Genus: Neomys
Southern water shrew Neomys anomalus LR/lc
Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens LR/lc
Tribe: Soricini
Genus: Sorex
Alpine shrew Sorex alpinus LR/lc
Common shrew Sorex araneus LR/lc
Crowned shrew Sorex coronatus LR/lc
Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
Subfamily: Talpinae
Tribe: Talpini
Genus: Talpa
European mole Talpa europaea LR/lc
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Bechstein's bat Myotis bechsteini VU
Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
Brandt's bat Myotis brandti LR/lc
Pond bat Myotis dasycneme VU
Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc
Geoffroy's bat Myotis emarginatus VU
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis LR/nt
Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Barbastella
Barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus VU
Genus: Eptesicus
Northern bat Eptesicus nilssoni LR/lc
Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
Genus: Hypsugo
Savi's pipistrelle Hypsugo savii LR/lc
Genus: Nyctalus
Greater noctule bat Nyctalus lasiopterus LR/nt
Lesser noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt
Common noctule Nyctalus noctula LR/lc
Genus: Pipistrellus
Nathusius' pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii LR/lc
Common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
Genus: Plecotus
Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc
Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
Genus: Vespertilio
Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Tadarida
European free-tailed bat Tadarida teniotis LR/lc
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
Genus: Eubalaena
North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis ♠ CR or Functionally Extinct in Eastern Atlantic
Family: Eschrichtiidae (gray whales)
Genus: Eschrichtius
North Atlantic gray whale Eschrichtius robustus♠ EX
Family: Balaenopteridae (rorqual)
Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata♠ LR/NT
Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis♠ EN
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus♠ EN
Blue whale Balaenoptera m. musculus♠ EN
Family: Megapterinae
Genus: Megaptera
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae♠ LC
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Monodontidae (narwhals)
Genus: Monodon
Narwhal Monodon monoceros DD
Genus: Delphinapterus
Beluga Delphinapterus leucas♠ NT
Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
Genus: Phocoena
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena♠ LC or VU
Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus♠ VU
Family: Kogiidae
Genus: Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps♠ LR/LC
Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
Genus: Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris♠ DD
Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
Genus: Hyperoodon
North Atlantic Bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus♠ DD
Genus: Mesoplodon
Sowerby's beaked whale Mesoplodon bidens♠ DD
Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Genus: Delphis
Short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis♠ LR/LC
Genus: Tursiops
Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus♠ DD
Genus: Stenella
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
Genus: Lagenorhynchus
Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus♠ LR/LC
White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris♠ LR/LC
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus♠ DD
Genus: Globicephala
Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas♠ LR/LC
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens♠ DD
Genus: Orcinus
Orca Orcinus orca♠ DD
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Wildcat Felis silvestris LC
Genus: Lynx
Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx LC
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Genetta
Common genet Genetta genetta LR/lc
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Genus: Canis
Gray wolf Canis lupus LC
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Brown bear Ursus arctos LR/lc
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mustela
Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
European mink Mustela lutreola CR
Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
European polecat Mustela putorius LR/lc
Genus: Martes
Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
Pine marten Martes martes LR/lc
Genus: Meles
Eurasian badger Meles meles LR/lc
Genus: Lutra
European otter Lutra lutra NT
Family: Odobenidae
Genus: Odobenus
Walrus Odobenus rosmarus LR/lc
Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
Genus: Halichoerus
Grey seal Halichoerus grypus LR/lc
Genus: Phoca
Common seal Phoca vitulina LR/lc
Genus: Pusa
Ringed seal Pusa hispida LR/lc
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
Genus: Equus
Wild horse Equus ferus EW
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Subfamily: Suinae
Genus: Sus
Boar Sus scrofa LR/lc
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Cervus
Red deer Cervus elaphus LR/lc
Subfamily: Capreolinae
Genus: Alces
Moose Alces alces LR/lc
Genus: Capreolus
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Capra
Alpine ibex Capra ibex LR/lc
Genus: Rupicapra
Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra LR/lc
