This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Djibouti. These are the mammal species in Djibouti, of which one is critically endangered, another is endangered, five are vulnerable, and two are near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.
Family: Orycteropodidae
Genus: Orycteropus
Aardvark Orycteropus afer LC
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Family: Dugongidae
Genus: Dugong
Dugong Dugong dugon VU
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Strepsirrhini
Infraorder: Lemuriformes
Superfamily: Lorisoidea
Family: Galagidae
Genus: Galago
Senegal bushbaby Galago senegalensis LR/lc
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
Genus: Papio
Hamadryas baboon Papio hamadryas LR/nt
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Hystricognathi
Family: Bathyergidae
Genus: Heterocephalus
Naked mole-rat Heterocephalus glaber LC
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Xerinae
Tribe: Xerini
Genus: Xerus
Unstriped ground squirrel Xerus rutilus LC
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Lophiomyinae
Genus: Lophiomys
Maned rat Lophiomys imhausi LC
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Deomyinae
Genus: Acomys
Cairo spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus LC
Louise's spiny mouse Acomys louisae LC
Mullah spiny mouse Acomys mullah LC
Subfamily: Gerbillinae
Genus: Gerbillus
Somalia gerbil Gerbillus dunni DD
Gerbillus somalicus DD
Waters's gerbil Gerbillus watersi LC
Family: Ctenodactylidae
Genus: Pectinator
Speke's pectinator Pectinator spekei DD
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Lepus
Cape hare Lepus capensis LR/lc
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Hemiechinus
Desert hedgehog Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Savanna shrew Crocidura fulvastra LC
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Eidolon
Straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum LC
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Eptesicus
Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
Genus: Neoromicia
Cape serotine Neoromicia capensis LC
Genus: Nycticeinops
Schlieffen's bat Nycticeinops schlieffeni LC
Genus: Scotophilus
African yellow bat Scotophilus dinganii LC
Family: Rhinopomatidae
Genus: Rhinopoma
Lesser mouse-tailed bat Rhinopoma hardwickei LC
Greater mouse-tailed bat Rhinopoma microphyllum LC
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Chaerephon
Spotted free-tailed bat Chaerephon bivittata LC
Little free-tailed bat Chaerephon pumila LC
Genus: Otomops
Large-eared free-tailed bat Otomops martiensseni NT
Family: Emballonuridae
Genus: Coleura
African sheath-tailed bat Coleura afra LC
Genus: Taphozous
Naked-rumped tomb bat Taphozous nudiventris LC
Egyptian tomb bat Taphozous perforatus LC
Family: Nycteridae
Genus: Nycteris
Egyptian slit-faced bat Nycteris thebaica LC
Family: Megadermatidae
Genus: Cardioderma
Heart-nosed bat Cardioderma cor LC
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
Genus: Asellia
Trident leaf-nosed bat Asellia tridens LC
Genus: Hipposideros
Sundevall's roundleaf bat Hipposideros caffer LC
Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat Hipposideros megalotis NT
Genus: Triaenops
Persian trident bat Triaenops persicus LC
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenopteridae (baleen whales)
Genus: Balaenoptera
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus
Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus
Genus: Megaptera
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Genus: Delphinus
Long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis DD
Genus: Feresa
Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata DD
Genus: Globicephala
Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhyncus DD
Genus: Lagenodelphis
Fraser's dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei DD
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus DD
Genus: Orcinus
Killer whale Orcinus orca DD
Genus: Peponocephala
Melon-headed whale Peponocephala electra DD
Genus: Sousa
Indian humpback dolphin Sousa plumbea DD
Genus: Stenella
Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata DD
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba DD
Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris DD
Genus: Steno
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis DD
Genus: Tursiops
Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus
Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale Physeter catodon (DD)
Family: Kogiidae (dwarf sperm whales)
Genus: Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps (DD)
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima (DD)
Superfamily Ziphioidea
Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
Genus: Indopacetus
Tropical bottlenose whale Indopacetus pacificus (DD)
Genus: Mesoplodon
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens (DD)
Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris (DD)
Genus: Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris (DD)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Acinonyx
Sudan cheetah Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii VU
Genus: Caracal
Caracal Caracal caracal LC
Genus: Felis
African wildcat Felis silvestris lybica LC
Genus: Leptailurus
Serval Leptailurus serval LC
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Masai lion Panthera leo nubica VU
African leopard Panthera pardus pardus NT
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Genetta
Abyssinian genet Genetta abyssinica DD
Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
Genus: Crocuta
Spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta LR/cd
Genus: Hyaena
Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Canis
Somali wolf Canis anthus riparius LC
Black-backed jackal Canis mesomelas LC
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Ictonyx
Striped polecat Ictonyx striatus LR/lc
Genus: Mellivora
Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
Genus: Equus
Somali wild ass Equus africanus somaliensis CR
Grevy's zebra Equus grevyi EN
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
Genus: Phacochoerus
Desert warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus LR/lc
Common warthog Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Dorcatragus
Beira Dorcatragus megalotis VU
Genus: Gazella
Dorcas gazelle Gazella dorcas VU
Soemmerring's gazelle Gazella soemmerringii VU
Genus: Litocranius
Gerenuk Litocranius walleri LR/cd
Genus: Madoqua
Salt's dik-dik Madoqua saltiana LR/lc
Genus: Oreotragus
Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus LR/cd
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: Tragelaphus
Lesser kudu Tragelaphus imberbis LR/cd
Greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros LR/cd
Subfamily: Cephalophinae
Genus: Sylvicapra
Common duiker Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc
Subfamily: Hippotraginae
Genus: Oryx
Gemsbok Oryx gazella LR/cd
