This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Bhutan. There are 90 mammal species in Bhutan, of which 1 is critically endangered, 10 are endangered, 14 are vulnerable, and 3 are near-threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.
Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
Genus: Elephas
Asian elephant Elephas maximus EN
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Strepsirrhini
Infraorder: Lemuriformes
Superfamily: Lorisoidea
Family: Loridae
Genus: Nycticebus
Slow loris Nycticebus bengalensis
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
Genus: Macaca
Assam macaque Macaca assamensis VU
Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta LR/nt
Subfamily: Colobinae
Genus: Semnopithecus
Gray langur Semnopithecus entellus LR/nt
Genus: Trachypithecus
Golden langur Trachypithecus geei EN
Capped langur Trachypithecus pileatusEN
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Ratufinae
Genus: Ratufa
Black giant squirrel Ratufa bicolor LR/lc
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Pteromyini
Genus: Belomys
Hairy-footed flying squirrel Belomys pearsonii LR/nt
Genus: Hylopetes
Particolored flying squirrel Hylopetes alboniger EN
Genus: Petaurista
Bhutan giant flying squirrel Petaurista nobilis LR/nt
Subfamily: Callosciurinae
Genus: Tamiops
Himalayan striped squirrel Tamiops macclellandi LR/lc
Family: Spalacidae
Subfamily: Rhizomyinae
Genus: Cannomys
Lesser bamboo rat Cannomys badius LR/lc
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Microtus
Sikkim mountain vole Microtus sikimensis LR/lc
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Mus
Mus pahari
Mus terricolor
Genus: Rattus
Himalayan field rat Rattus nitidus LR/lc
Sikkim rat Rattus sikkimensis VU
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century; they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (hares and rabbits)
Genus: Caprolagus
Hispid hare Caprolagus hispidus CE
Genus: Lepus
Blacknaped hare Lepus nigricollis
Woolly hare Lepus osostolus
Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
Genus: Ochotona
Black-lipped pika Ochotona curzoniae
Forrest's pika Ochotona forresti LR/nt
Glover's pika Ochotona gloveri
Large-eared pika Ochotona macrotis
Nubra pika Ochotona nubrica LR/lc
Royle's pika Ochotona roylei
Moupin pika Ochotona thibetana LR/lc
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Grey shrew Crocidura attenuata LR/lc
Southeast Asian shrew Crocidura fuliginosa
Horsfield's shrew Crocidura horsfieldi
Genus: Suncus
Etruscan shrew Suncus etruscus LC
Asian house shrew Suncus murinus LR/lc
Subfamily: Soricinae
Tribe: Anourosoricini
Genus: Anourosorex
Mole shrew Anourosorex squamipes LR/lc
Tribe: Nectogalini
Genus: Chimarrogale
Himalayan water shrew Chimarrogale himalayica
Genus: Nectogale
Elegant water shrew Nectogale elegans LR/lc
Genus: Sorex
pygmy shrew Sorex minutus
Genus: Soriculus
Bailey's shrew Soriculus baileyi
Hodgson's brown toothed shrew Soriculus caudatus
Indian long-tailed shrew Soriculus leucops
Arboreal brown toothed shrew Soriculus macrurus
Himalayan shrew Soriculus nigrescens LR/lc
Family: Talpidae (moles)
Subfamily: Talpinae
Tribe: Talpini
Genus: Euroscaptor
Himalayan mole Euroscaptor micrura LR/lc
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Cynopterus
Greater short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx LR/lc
Genus: Sphaerias
Blanford's fruit bat Sphaerias blanfordi LR/lc
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
Whiskered myotis Myotis muricola LR/lc
Himalayan whiskered bat Myotis siligorensis LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Hesperoptenus
Tickell's bat Hesperoptenus tickelli LR/lc
Genus: Pipistrellus
Indian pipistrelle Pipistrellus coromandra LR/lc
Genus: Scotozous
Dormer's pipistrelle Scotozous dormeri LC
Subfamily: Murininae
Genus: Murina
Murina cyclotis LR/lc
Subfamily: Miniopterinae
Genus: Miniopterus
Small bent-winged bat Miniopterus pusillus LR/lc
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Chaerephon
Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat Chaerephon plicata LR/lc
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Intermediate horseshoe bat Rhinolophus affinis LR/lc
Pearson's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pearsoni LR/lc
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Odontoceti
Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Family: Platanistidae
Genus: Platanista
Ganges and Indus river dolphin Platanista gangetica EN
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Catopuma
Asian golden cat Catopuma temminckii VU
Genus: Felis
Himalayan jungle cat Felis chaus affinis LC
Himalayan Pallas' cat Felis manul nigripecta NT
Genus: Lynx
Turkestan lynx Lynx lynx isabellinus NT
Genus: Pardofelis
Marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata VU
Genus: Prionailurus
Leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis LC
Fishing cat Prionailurus viverrinus VU
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Neofelis
Clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa VU
Genus: Panthera
Indian leopard Panthera pardus fusca NT
Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris EN
Genus: Uncia
Snow leopard Uncia uncia EN
Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
Subfamily: Paradoxurinae
Genus: Arctictis
Binturong Arctictis binturong LR/lc
Genus: Paguma
Masked palm civet Paguma larvata LR/lc
Genus: Paradoxurus
Asian palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus LR/lc
Subfamily: Prionodontinae
Genus: Prionodon
Spotted linsang Prionodon pardicolor LR/lc
Subfamily: Viverrinae
Genus: Viverra
Large Indian civet Viverra zibetha LR/lc
Genus: Viverricula
Small Indian civet Viverricula indica LR/lc
Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
Genus: Herpestes
Indian gray mongoose Herpestes edwardsii LR/lc
Small Asian mongoose Herpestes javanicus LR/lc
Crab-eating mongoose Herpestes urva
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Ailuridae (lesser panda)
Genus: Ailurus
Red panda Ailurus fulgens EN
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Vulpes
Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
Bengal fox Vulpes bengalensis
Genus: Canis
Indian jackal Canis aureus indicus LC
Himalayan wolf Canis lupus chanco CR
Genus: Cuon
Ussuri dhole Cuon alpinus alpinus EN
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus VU
Genus: Melursus
Sloth bear Melursus ursinus VU
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Mustela
Yellow-bellied weasel Mustela kathiah LR/lc
Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica LR/lc
Back-striped weasel Mustela strigidorsa VU
Himalayan weasel Mustela sibirica
Pale weasel Mustela altaica
Genus: Martes
Yellow-throated marten Martes flavigula LR/lc
Stone marten Martes foina
Genus: Arctonyx
Hog badger Arctonyx collaris LR/lc
Genus: Lutra
European otter Lutra lutra NT
Genus: Lutrogale
Smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata VU
Genus: Aonyx
Oriental small-clawed otter Aonyx cinereus NT
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Rhinocerotidae
Genus: Rhinoceros
Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis VU
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Subfamily: Suinae
Genus: Sus
Pygmy hog Sus salvanius CR
Wild pig Sus scrofaLR
Family: Moschidae
Genus: Moschus
Himalayan musk deer Moschus chrysogaster LR/nt
Dusky musk deer Moschus fuscus LR/nt
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Axis
Chital Axis axis VU
Hog deer Axis porcinus LR
Genus: Cervus
Red deer Cervus elaphus LR/lc
Swamp deer Cervus duvauceli
Sambar Cervus unicolor LR
Subfamily: Muntiacinae
Genus: Muntiacus
Indian muntjac Muntiacus muntjak LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: Bos
Gaur Bos frontalis VU
Genus: Bubalus
Wild Asian water buffalo Bubalus bubalis EN
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Budorcas
Takin Budorcas taxicolor VU
Genus: Nemorhaedus
Mainland serow Nemorhaedus sumatraensis VU
Nemorhaedus goral LR/nt
Genus: Ovis
Argali Ovis ammon VU
Genus: Pseudois
Bharal Pseudois nayaur LC
Scaly anteaters, or pangolins, are armored with large, overlapping scales made of matted hair. There are approximately seven species of pangolin, of which two occur in Bhutan. Pangolins lack teeth, and eat only ants and termites with the assistance of a long sticky tongue.
Family: Manidae (pangolins)
Genus: Manis
Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata LR
Chinese pangolin Manis pentadactyla LR
