List of French words of Germanic origin (A B)

Scope of the dictionary

The following list details words, affixes and phrases that contain Germanic etymons. Words where only an affix is Germanic (e.g. méfait, bouillard, carnavalesque) are excluded, as are words borrowed from a Germanic language where the origin is other than Germanic (for instance, cabaret is from Dutch, but the Dutch word is ultimately from Latin/Greek, so it is omitted). Likewise, words which have been calqued from a Germanic tongue (e.g. pardonner, bienvenue, entreprendre, toujours, compagnon, plupart, manuscrit, manoeuvre), or which received their usage or sense (i.e. were created, modified or influenced) due to Germanic speakers or Germanic linguistic habits (e.g. comté, avec, commun, on, panne, avoir, ça) are not included.

Many other Germanic words found in older versions of French, such as Old French and Anglo-French are no longer extant in Standard Modern French. Many of these words do, however, continue to survive dialectally and in English. See: List of English Latinates of Germanic origin.

A

aalénien (Geol.)

abandon "abandonment" (< OFr à bandon < ML *bandum < Frk *ban < Gmc *ban-, band-) abandonner abandonnement abandonnataire abandonné abandonnée abandonnément abandonneur abandonneuse

abâtardir "to abase" (< Fr à bâtard < ML bastardus, OFr bastard < Gmc *bāst-, bōst- + Gmc *-hard-) abâtardissement abâtardi

abigotir

abord "approach" (< Fr à bord < OFr bord, bort < Frk *bord < Gmc *borþam) aborder abordage abordable abordé abordée abordeur

abot

abotter

abouter "(trade term) to join the ends of something" ( < à + OFr boter < Frk *bautan, bōtan (cf Frk *but "end", ON bútr) < Gmc) about abouté aboutage aboutement

aboutir "to arrive at, end in" ( < à + OFr boter < Frk *bautan, bōtan (cf Frk *but "end", ON bútr) < Gmc) abouti aboutissant aboutissement

aboutonner

abraquer (Naut.) "to direct" ( < à + braquer "to direct, point" < ON brāka "to fix, set on, weaken" < Gmc)

abri "shelter" ( < OFr abrier "to cover" < LL abrigare < a- + brigare "to cover" < Frk *berihan "to cover" and Frk *berc, geberc "asylum, protection" < Gmc, cf OHG birihan "to cover", OE (be)wrēon "to cover", OHG bergan "to cover, hide") abri-fou (also abrifou) abri-galant abri-sous-roche abri-vent (also abrivent) abrier

abrier (also abreyer) "to protect, guarantee"

abriter "to shelter"

abroutir "to crop"

abuter

accon (also acon) "barge"

accore (Naut.) "piece of wood serving as a ship's stay"

accrocher "to hook, hook up, tear with a hook" ( < à + Fr croc < ON krókr, kráka "hook" < Gmc) accroc accroche accrochable accrochage

accroche "a fastening, hanging, attachment"

accroupir "to cower down, squat" ( < à + Fr croupe "rump" < OFr crope < ON kroppr, kryppa < Gmc)

achôcre (Dial) "awkward; good for nothing" ( < Norm "brutal, rough" < ON skakr "a scolding" < Gmc)

achopper "to stumble" ( < à + Fr chopper < OFr choper < Gmc, cf Germ schupfen) achoppement

acre "acre" ( < L *acrum < Gmc, cf Goth akr, OE æcer, Eng acre, Germ Acker)

adouber "to arm, strike" ( < Fr à + douber < OFr duber & dober < Gmc, cf OE dubban "to dub")

aéro-club

affaît "ridge"

affaler "to lower a rope, drive toward the shore" ( < Dut afhalen < Gmc) affalé affalement

affourrager "to feed, fodder"

affranchir "to free" ( < à + Fr franc < OFr franc < Gmc) affranchi affranchie affranchissant affranchisseur affranchissement enfranchisement

affres (also affre) "pangs" ( < Prov affre < Goth aifrs < Gmc)

affrètement

affréter "to freight, lade" ( < à + Fr fret "freight" < Gmc) affréteur

affreux "frightful, horrible" ( < à + Fr affre "fright, terror" < OFr afre < Gmc, cf OHG eiver) affre affreuse affreusement

agacer "to set on edge" ( < It agazzare < OHG hazjan "to harry" < Gmc)

age (Agric.) "tiller, ploughshare" ( < OFr haie < Frk *hagja "hedge, fence" < Gmc, cf Germ Hecke, OE hecg "hedge")

agasse "magpie" ( < OHG agalstra < Gmc)

agourmandi

agrafe "hook, clasp" ( < OFr agrape < LL *agrappa < ad + *grappa < Gmc, cf OHG krapfo) agrafer agrafé agrafeur agrafeuse agrafure

agrapper

agréer "to rig"

agrès "(naut) tackling, rigging" ( < gréer "to rig" < Gmc *garaiþjanan "to ready")

agriffer

agrincher (also agricher) ( < Frk *grīpjan "to seize" < Gmc) agrinche agrincheur

agripper "to grip, grab"

agrouper

aguerrir "to accustom to war" ( < à + Fr guerre < OFr guerre < Frk *werra < Gmc *werra) aguerri aguerrie aguerrissement

aguet (usu. pl. aguets) "ambush, wait" ( < OFr aguet < guetter < Frk *wahtōn < *wahta < Gmc) aguetter

aguicher

aguimpé

aheurter "to be bent on, be stubborn" ( < à + Fr heurter < Gmc) aheurté aheurtement

ahonter

ahurir "to amaze" ( < à + Fr hure < Gmc) ahuri ahurie ahurissant ahurissement

aigrefin "swindler"

aigrette "egret" ( < OFr aigrette < OProv aigreta < aigron "heron" < OHG heigaro "heron" < Gmc)

aire "eyry" ( < Germ aren "to make a nest" < aar "eagle" < Gmc) aigretté (also aigreté)

-ais adjective suffix ( < LL -iscus < Frk *-isk < Gmc, cf OE -isc "-ish") -aise

alamannique

alan (also alain)

alboche

ale "ale"

alêne (also alène) "awl" ( < OFr alesne < OHG alasna, alansa < Gmc) alèné

alérion ( < Frk *adalaro, adalarjo "eagle, noble eagle" < Gmc)

alize (also alise) "lote-tree berry" ( < Gmc, cf OHG elira)

allemand "German" ( < Lat Allemanni < Gmc) allemande allemanderie allemanisé

alleu (also aleu) "allodial property, allodial ownership" ( < OFr alou, aloud < MerovLat *allodium < Frk *allōd- < all- "all" + ōd "patrimony" < Gmc, cf OHG alôd) franc-alleu alleutier (also aleutier)

allo (also allô) "hello"

allodial "allodial"

allotir "to allot"

alpenstock

alque ( < Norw alke < ON alka < Gmc)

alsacien

amade

amadouer "to coax, cajole" ( MFr a- + madouer "to lure, give meat to" < ON mata (Dan made) "to lure, feed" < Gmc, cf Goth matjan "to eat") amadou amadouage amadoué amadoueur amadoueuse amadouement amadouvier

amarelle

amarrer "to moor"

amatir

ambassade "embassy"

amers

amet

amignarder

amignonner

amignoter (also amignotter)

amignouter (also amignoutter)

amman

ammeistre

amocher

amuser "to amuse" ( < OFr amuser "to stupefy" < a- + muser "to stare stupidly at, be bewildered", either < OFr mus "snout" < ML musum < Gmc; or < Frk *masjan, musōn "to stun, confuse, confound" < Gmc, cf OE (ā)masian "to confuse, stupefy, bewilder", ON masa "to struggle, be confused", Norw mas "exhausting labour", Norw masast "to be dazed, begin to dream", Swed masa "to dawdle, idle", Swed mos "sluggish, sleepy") amusement amusable amusamment amusant amusante amusard amusé amuse-gueule amusée amusette amuseur amuseuse

anche "pipe, reed" ( < Frk *ankja "bone canal" < Gmc, cf Goth *inka)

anché "herald"

-and (also -an, -ain ) agent suffix ( < OFr -anc, -enc < Frk *-inc < Gmc, cf Eng -ing) -ande Flamand tisserand

-ange noun suffix (e.g. mésange) ( < Frk *-ing < Gmc)

anglais

angleterre

Anglican

angliche

angliciser

Anglo-américain

Anglo-arabe

Anglo-normand

Anglo-Saxon

anglomane

anglophile

anglophobe

anglophone

angon

angstroem (also angström)

anordir

anschluss

anspect "lever" ( < Dut handtspeecke "hand-stick" < Gmc)

anté-bois (also antébois)

antéallergique

antébourgeois

anti-allemand

anti-bélier

anti-bois

anti-français (also antifrançais)

anti-France

anti-guérilla

anti-guerrier

anti-joli

anti-raciste

anti-skating

anti-star (also antistar)

antichoc

antidoping

antifading

antigang

antigaulliste

antigrippe

antirides

antitrust

apiquer

aplat

aplatir

aplati

aplatissage

aplatissant

aplatissement

aplatisseur

aplatissoir

aplatissoire

après-guerre

après-ski

après-souper

arauder

arc-bouter

-ard noun suffix ( < OFr -ard < LL -ardus < Frk *-hard < Gmc, cf OHG -hart, Goth -hardus) -arde

ardillon "tongue of a buckle" ( < MFr hardillon < Frk *hard "hard" < Gmc + -ille + -on)

arlequin "harlequin"

arlequiner

armet "helmet, headpiece" ( < It elmetto "helmet" < Fr helme, heaume "helmet" < Frk *helm < Gmc *helmaz, cf OE helm "helm, helmet")

armon

arnac (also arnaque)

arnaquer ( < Pic harnacher, arnaquer "to amuse, swindle" < harnacher "to harness, equip, disguise" < Gmc) arnaqueur arnaqueuse

arnauldiste (also arnaldiste)

arquebuse "arquebus"

arquebuser

arquemontant ( alt. of earlier arqubouter < Gmc) arquemontante

arranger "to arrange"

arrière-ban "arriere-ban"

arrière-fief

arrière-garde

arrière-salle

arrimer

arroi "array"

assener "to strike" ( < a- + OFr sen "direction" < Gmc, cf OHG sinnan, Goth sinþan) assené assénement

aste

astic "polishing paste"

asticot "small worm"

asticoter "to tease, plague"

astiquer "to polish leather (with an astic)"

âtre "fireplace"

attacher "to attach"

attaquer "to attack"

attifer "to adorn the head" ( < Frk *tipp-, tipf- < Gmc *tupp- "point", cf OHG tipfōn "to decorate", ON *tippa, MDu tip "point") attifage attifé attifement attifet attifeur attifeuse attifiaux

attignole

attirer "to attract"

attoucher "to touch, contact"

attraper "to trap, catch"

attrouper "to assemble, gather"

aubère

auberge "inn"

auberger

aubergerie

aubergiste

aubert

aubète (also aubette)

auburn

-aud (also -aut) agent suffix ( < OFr -aud < LL -aldus < Frk *-wald < Gmc) -aude

aulne (also aune)

aune "an ell" (< Ofr alne < LL alena < Goth aleina < Gmc, cf OE eln "ell) auner

auner

aurochs

auto-stop

autoguidage

autoguidé

auvent "penthouse", ″awning″ ( < ML auventus < Prov emban < ambitus + bann < Gmc)

avachir "to become limp"

avant-garde

avant-guerre

avion-stop

B

baba

babiller "to babble, chatter" ( < Gmc, cf ME babelen (Eng babble), ON babbla, Dut babbelen, Germ babbeln) babil babillard babillarde babillage babillement babillant babillerie babillet babilleur babilleuse

babine "lip, mouth, chops" ( < bab "lip, grimace" < Gmc, cf Germ dial Bäppe)

bâbord "portside, larboard"

babouin "baboon, monkey" ( < bab "lip, grimace" < Gmc, cf Germ dial Bäppe) babouine babouiner

baby

bac "ferry-boat"

bacante (also bacantes) "beard, moustache" ( < Germ Backe "cheek" < Gmc)

bâche "awning, frame" ( < Wallon batche "board, plank < Gmc, cf MFr bauche < Frk *balko "balk, balcony" < Gmc)

bachot "wherry, small skiff"

backfisch (also backfish)

bâcler "to close (a door or window) with a cross-beam" ( < MDu bakkelen "to cause to stay" < MDu bakken, backen "to cause to stick, make immovable, prop" < Gmc) bâclage bâclé bâcleur bâcleuse débâcler débâcle

bacon

baconien

bada

badge

badigeon "stone-colored" ( < Germ Batzen "paste, a kneaded mass" < Gmc) badigeonner badigeonnage badigeonneur

badigoinces

badingouin

badingredin

badingueusard

badingueux

badminton

baedeker

baffouer "to baffle"

bâfrer

bagage "baggage"

bagarre "fray, tumult" ( < MFr bagarot "noise, tumult, contention, strife" < Gmc, cf OHG bâga "dispute", OHG bâgan "to argue", ON bagga "to hinder, prevent") bagarrer bagarreur

bagoter (also bagotter)

bagotte

bague "ring"

baguer "to ring"

bahut "chest, trunk" ( < Frk *baghūdi, baghōdi "protection, sideboard" < bage "bag, pack" < Gmc + hūdi, hōdi "protection" < Gmc, cf MHG behut "hutch, cupboard") bahuter

bahuter

balafre "a gash, a long notch" ( < OFr balefre < Frk *bal-leffur < Gmc, cf OHG leffur "lip") balafrer

balafrer

balandre (also bélandre)

balbuzard

balcon "balcony"

balèvre

ball-trap

ballast

ballaster

balle "ball"

balle (also bale, bâle) "package" ( < Frk *balla < Gmc, cf OHG balo, MHG balle, Germ Ballen "bundle") déballer emballer

ballon "balloon"

ballonner

ballot "package"

ballotte

ballotter

balluche (also baluche)

ban "ban"

banal "banal"

banale

banaliser

banc "bench"

bancal "bandy-legged"

banche

bancher

banché

banco

bancocrate

bancroche

bancruche

bande "band"

bande "troop"

bander "to bandage"

banderole "streamer, banderole"

bandière "banner"

bandit "bandit"

bandolier "bandolier"

bandoline

bandonéon

bandoulier

bandoulière "bandoleer"

bandure

bang

bank-note

banlieue "suburbs"

banlon

bannière "banner"

bannir "to bannish"

banque "bank"

banqueroute "bankruptcy"

banquet "banquet"

banquezingue

banquier

banquière

banquise

banquisme

banquiste

banvin

baquet "tub"

baqueter

bar (Zoo.) "sea bass"( < Dut barse, baerse "pole, bar" < Gmc)

barbet "barbet spaniel"

bard "litter, hand-barrow"

barge (Zoo.) ( < Prov barja "chatter" < Gmc *brekan)

barguigner "to haggle" ( < OFr bargaigner < Frk *borganjan < Gmc *borgan, cf OE borgian "to borrow") barguignade barguignage barguigneur barguigneuse

barigel ( < Ital barigello < LL barigildus < Lomb barigild < Gmc)

baril "barrel" ( < OFr baril < Frk *baril, beril "barrel, jug, container" or Burg *berils "container, bearer", both < Gmc *berila-z "container, jug" < *beranan "to carry, transport" + *-ilaz agent/instrumental suffix, cf ON berill "barrel for liquids", OHG biril "large pot", OS biril "basket", Frk *bera "stretcher", OE beran "to carry") barillage barillet

barmaid

barman

baron "baron"

baronner

barouf ( < Ital baruffa < baruffare < Lomb *bihrōffjan < Gmc, cf OHG bihruofjan) baroufe

bas-bleu

bas-bleuisme

bas-flanc

bas-hauban

bas-mât

base-ball

basedowien

basketball

basque "skirt" ( < Prov basto < Frk*bastjan < Gmc)

bastardon

bastide "house in the country, villa"

bastille "fortress, Bastille"

basting

bastingage (also bastingages) "netting"

bastion "bastion"

bastionner

bastringuer ( < Dut bas drinken < Gmc) bastringue

bat-flanc

bâtard "bastard"

batardeau "dyke"

bateau "boat"

bateler

bath

bâtir "to build"

bâtir "to baste"

batz

bau

baud ( < Frk *bald < Gmc, cf OHG bald, OE beald)

baudet "donkey"

baudir ( < Frk *baldjan < Gmc, cf OE bieldan)

baudrier "baldric"

baudroie

baudrucher "to prepare leather"

bauge "lair"

baugue (also bauque)

bazooka ( < Eng bazooka < bazoo "boastful talk" < Dut bazuin "trumpet")

be-bop

beatnik

beaupré "bowsprit"

bébé "baby" ( < Eng baby < ME babe, baban)

bedeau "beadle"

beethovenien

beffroi "belfry"

bégard

béguin "fancy"

béguinos

béguiner

behaviorisme (also behaviourisme)

behavioriste (also behaviouriste)

beigne

bélandre "bilander"

bélier "ram, bellwether"

bélière "clapper-ring"

bélître "scoundrel"

bénard

bénoche

berce

berdiner

bergame ( < Bergamo < L bergomum < Lig berg "mountain" < Gmc *bergaz "mountain"; also attributed to berg + haim "home") bergamasque bergamine

berlaud

berline "berlin"

berlingot

berlingue

berlinois

berme "berm"

bernard l'ermite (also bernard l'hermite)

bernardin

berne "to swaddle" ( OFr berne "cloth" < MDu berme "edge, hem" < Gmc) berner

bernesque (also berniesque)

bertha

berthe

berthelée

berthelet

besogne "business, work"

besogner

besoin "need"

best-seller

biaude

biche "small dog" ( < Gmc, cf OE bicce "bitch", ON bikkia, Germ Betze, Peize) bichon bichonne bichonner bichonnage

bichet

bicot

bide

bidon "can, jug" ( < Norm bide < ON *bida "container" < Gmc) bidonier bidonier bidonne bidonner bidonnier bidonville bide

bidule

bief "mill-race"

bière "beer"

bière "bier" ( < Frk *bera < Gmc, cf OHG bara "litter")

bièvre "beaver"

biez "mill-race"

bifteck "steak"

bighorn

bigle "beagle"

bigot "bigot" ( < MFr < OFr bigot "derogatory word applied to Normans" < OE bi Gode "by God" < Gmc) bigote bigotement bigoterie bigotisme abigoter

bigre

bilboquet "a cup and ball"

billiard "billiards"

bille "small ball" ( < OFr bille "small ball" < Frk *bikkil < Gmc, cf OHG bickel "die, ossicle", Dut bikkel "ossicle") billiard biller billebaude billette

bique "she-goat"

bire

bis "brown" ( < Frk *bīsi < Gmc)

bisant

biscôme

biscoter

bise "bise, north wind"

bismuth "bismuth"

bison "bison"

bissel

bistre "bistre"

bit

bitte ( < ON biti < Gmc) bitter bitture (also biture) bitton débit débiter

bivouac "bivouac"

blackball (also blacboule, blackboule)

black-bass

black-bottom

black-out

black-rot

blackbouler

blafard "pallid, wan"

blague

blaguer

blaireau "badger"

blanc "white, blank" ( < OFr blanc < Frk *blank < Gmc *blanka- blinding, white, cf OHG blanch, OE blanca) blanc-bec blanc-de-baleine blanc-éstoc (also blanc-étoc) blanc-manger blanc-nez blanc-seeing blanchaille blanche blanchecaille blanchette blanchiment blanchoyer blanco blancs-manteaux blanque blanquet (also blaquet) blanquisme blanquiste blanchet blancher blanchâtre blanchir blanquette

blanchir

blancher

blaquet

blaser "to satiate, cloy, blunt"

blason "coat of arms"

blasonner

blatérer "to bleat" ( < partly from Lat blaterare "to chatter" and partly from Frk *blātan "to bleat, cry like a sheep" < Gmc, cf OHG blāzan "to bleat", Dut blaten, OE blǣtan) blatèrement

blatier "cornfactor" ( < LL *bladarius < Gmc *blada-)

blatte

blaude

blave

blaze

blé "wheat, grain"

blèche "soft"

bléer

bleime

blême "pale" ( < OFr blesme < blesmir "to turn pale" < Frk blesmjan "to make pale" < Gmc) blémir

blémir

blende

blesser "to wound" ( < OFr < Frk *blettjan < Gmc, cf OHG bleizza "bruise") blessé blessée blessant blessable blessure blessement

blet "over-ripe" ( < Gmc *blada-)

blettir (also blétir)

bleu "blue" ( < OFr bleu, blo(u), blao < Frk *blao < Gmc *blǣwaz, cf OHG blāo, OE blāw) bleuir bleuâtre bleuâtrement bleue bleuet bleuette bleuir bleusaille bleuter

bleuir

bleuter

bliaud (also bliaut)

blinde (also blindes) "sheeting" ( < Germ Blende < Gmc) blinder

blinder

blinquer

blitz

blizzard

bloc "block" ( < OFr bloc < MDu bloc "tree-trunk" or OHG bloc, bloh < Gmc *bluk-) bloquer bloc-notes (also block-notes) blocage blocaille blocard blocarde blochet débloquer

blockhaus "blockhouse" ( < Germ Blockhaus < Gmc)

blocus "blockade; investment" ( < Germ dial blockhuis < Gmc)

blond "blond" ( < OFr blond, blont < ML blundus < Frk *blund < Gmc *bland-, cf OE blondenfeax "grey-haired") blonde blondin blondir blonder blondasse blondement blondiche blondoyer

blondasse

blonder

blondin

blondir

blondoyer

bloom

bloquer

blot

blottir "to crouch, squat" ( < Germ blotten < Gmc, cf OHG blotzen "to crush", Dut blutsen "to contuse, injure") blotti blottissement (also blotissement)

blouse "bump" ( < Dut bluts < Gmc) blouser

blouse "blouse" ( < *vêtement de laine blouse < Prov (lano) blouso "pure (wool)" < OHG blōz "empty, naked, pure" < Gmc *blauta-, cf OE blēat "poor") blouse-tunique blouser blouson blousier

blouser

blue-jean

blues

bluet

bluff

bluffer

bluter "to bolt" ( < MHG biuteln "to bolt" < biūtel < Gmc, cf MDu buydelen, budelen, Dut builen) blutage bluteau bluterie bluteur blutoir

bob

bobard

bobèche "socket"

bobelet (also bobsleigh, bob)

bobine "bobbin"

bobiner

bobosse

bocage "thicket, grove" ( < OFr boscage < L boscaticum < L boscum, buscum "bush, wood" < Gmc *buskaz) bocager bocagère bocageux

bocambre

bocard

boche

bochiman (also boschiman)

bock

boggie (also bogie)

boghei (also boguet, buggy)

bogue "chain, ring of iron" ( < N. Ital boga < Lomb bauga "ring" < Gmc, cf OE bēag "ring")

boier

bois "wood" ( < OFr < L *boscum, buscum < Gmc *buskaz) hautbois boiser deboiser reboiser bouquet boisure

boiser

bol "bowl" ( < Eng bowl < OE bolla < Gmc *bul-) bolaire

bombance "feast"

bon-henri

bonbanc

bonde "floodgate, sluice" ( < Swab bunte < Gmc, cf MHG bunde) bondon bonder bondard débonder

bonder

bondon

bonnet "bonnet" ( < OFr bonet "material for hats" < Frk *bunni < Gmc *bund-) bonneter bonnetier bonnetière bonneteau bonneton bonnette

bonneter

book

boom

booléien (also booléen)

bootlegger

boqueteau

boquillon

bord "edge, border"

bordel

border

borgne "one-eyed" ( < L *bornius < *borna "hole, cavity" < Gmc, cf OHG borōn "to bore") borgnat (also borgniat) borgnesse borgnio borgnion borgniot borgnon

bort

bos (also boss) "boss"

bochiman (also boschiman) "bushman"

bosel

bosquet "thicket"

bosse "hump" ( < Frk *bottja < Frk *bōtan "to strike, beat" < Gmc) bosser bossu bossue bossuer bosseler bossette bosseyeur bosseyeuse bossoir

bosse "hawser"

bosseler

bosser

bossuer

bosseman "boatswain's mate"

boston

bot "club-foot" (also bote)

botte "truss, bundle" ( < Gmc, cf OHG bōzo "bundle, fagot") botteler bottelette bottillon

botte "butt, leather bottle, boot" ( < Gmc, cf Germ Bütte) botter bottier bottine bottillon

botte "lunge, thrust" ( < Ital botta < bottare < Fr bouter < Gmc)

botte "tuft" ( < Dut bote < Gmc)

botteler

botter

bottine "half-boot"

bouc "buck, male goat" ( < OFr bouc "male goat" < Frk *bukk < Gmc *bukkon, cf OE bucca "male goat", OE buc "male deer", OHG boc "male goat", ON bokkr "buck") boucage boucaille boucan boucaut bouquetin bouquin boucher

boucan

boucaner

boucharde

boucharder

boucher "butcher"

boucher "to stop up, block" ( < bousche "faggot, straw handle" < LL *bosca "undergrowth, beam of branches" < bosci "wood" < Gmc) bouchage bouché bouche-trou bouchée bouchement bouchère boucheton boucheton à boucheur bouchoir bouchon bouchure déboucher débouché

bouchon "whisp of straw" ( < bousche "faggot, straw handle" < LL *bosca "undergrowth, beam of branches" < bosci "wood" < Gmc) bouchonner bouchonnier

bouchonner

bouder ( < Wall boder "to swell" < Gmc, cf MLG buddich "swollen", ME budde "bud", ON budda "purse", OS budil "bag, purse", Goth bauþs "section") boudeur boudeuse bouderie boudeusement boudin boudoir

boudin

boudiner

bouffer "to puff" ( < OFr buffier < Gmc, cf MDu puffen, LG pof, puf "a puff", OE pyffan "to puff") bouffant bouffante bouffard bouffarde bouffe bouffée bouffette bouffeur bouffeuse bouffir

bouffard

bouffir

bouffon

bouffonner

bouée "buoy" ( < MFr boie, boue(e) < Frk *baukan "beacon" < Gmc *baukn, cf OHG bouhhan, OFris bāken "beacon")

bougon "grumbling"

bougonner

boujon "arrow" ( < OFr bulzun "arrow" < Frk *bultjo "bolt" < Gmc, cf MHG bolz, Dut bolt) boujonner

boulanger "baker" ( < OFr boulenc "baker" < Frk *bolla "bread" + -enc "-ing" < Gmc, cf OHG bolla' "wheat flour", MDu bolle "round loaf") boulangerie boulangère boulangerie-pâtisserie boulangisme boulangiste

bouledogue "bulldog"

boulevard "boulevard" ( < OFr bollevart, boulevert, bouleverc "rampart converted to an avenue" < Walloon < MDu bolwerk, bollewerc "bulwark" < bolle, bol "bole, trunk, torso" < Gmc + werk "work" < Gmc) boulevarder boulevardier boulevardière

boulevari (also boulvari) ( alt. < hourvari)

boulin "putlog-hole" ( < Frk *bole "bowl" < Frk *bolla "bowl" < Gmc, cf OE bolla "bowl")

bouline "bowline" ( < Eng bowline < Gmc) bouliner boulinette boulinier boulinière

bouliner

boulingrin "bowling green" ( < Eng < Gmc)

boumer "to boom" ( < Gmc, cf Dut bommen "to boom", Germ bummen", ME bummen "to buzz") boum

bouquet "bouquet" ( < OFr bousquet, bosquet < L *boscum, buscum < Gmc *buskaz "bush") bouqueter bouquetier bouquetière

bouqueter

bouquetin

bouquin "he-goat" ( < bouc < Gmc)

bouquin "old book" ( < Dut boeckin "little book" < Dut boek "book" < Gmc + -kin < Gmc) bouquiner bouquiniste bouquinerie

bouquiner

bourg "borough, town" ( < OFr burg, bourg, borg, borc < L burgus < Frk *burg < Gmc *burgs "fortress", cf OE burg "burgh, borough") bourg-épine bourgeois bourgade bourgadier

bourgeois "citizen, burgher"

bourgeon "shoot, bud" ( < OFr burjon "sprout" < Gmc, cf OHG burjan "to lift, raise") bourgeonner ébourgeonner bourgeonneux

bourgeonner

bourgmestre "burgomaster, mayor"

bourgogne

bourlinguer

bourrir ( < Frk *būrjan < Gmc)

bouscatier

bousculer "to turn upside down"

bousin (also bouzin) ( < Eng bousing "strong drink" < MDu būsen "to drink" < Gmc) bousineur bousinier bousingot

bousingot

boustifailler

bout "end"

bouter "to put, push"

bouterolle

bouton "button"

boutonner

boutre

bouture

bouturer

bow-window

bowling

box-calf

boxer "to box" ( < Eng box < ME boxen "to box, beat", box "a blow" < Gmc, cf MDu boke "a blow", MHG buc "a blow", Dan bask "a blow") boxe boxeur

boy

boycotter

braconner "to poach"

bracot

brader

bragard (also braguard)

brague

brai "tar residue" ( < Frk *bred "board" < Gmc)

brailler "to brawl"

brain-trust

braire "to bray"

brailler

braise "gleed, glowing embers"

braiser

braisiller

bramer "to bell" ( < Ital bramare < Prov bramar "to sing, shout", Goth bra(m)mon < Gmc *brammōn, cf MHG brummen "to thunder, roar", MLG brammen) bramant bramante bramée bramement

brand (also brant)

brande "heather"

brandebourg "the frogs of a coat"

brandevin "brandy"

brandir "to brandish"

brandiller

brandon "piece of straw"

brandy

branler "to shake" ( < brandiller "shake a sword at" < OFr brandeler "wave a sword" < LL brandulare < Gmc, cf ON brandr "sword, brand") branle branlage branlant branlante branle-bas (also branlebas) branlée branlette branleur branleuse branloter (also branlotter) branloire branlement ébranler

braque "brachhound; fool"

braquemart (also braquemard) "broadsword"

braquer (Naut.) "to direct, point" ( < ON brāka "to fix, set on, weaken" < Gmc) braquage braqueur braquement

braser

brasiller

brasque

brayaud

brayer ( < ON, OE brǣda "to tar" < Gmc, cf OS brādan, OHG brātan "to roast") débrayer embrayer

brayon

break

break-water (also breack-water)

breakfast

brèche "breach, gap"

bréchet "brisket"

brédissure

bredouiller

bréger

brehaigne "barren" (also bréhaigne)

brelan "brelan (a game of cards)"

brème "bream"

brême

brequin

brésil

brésis (also brisis)

brétailler

bretèche

bretelle "strap" ( < OFr < Frk *bredel, bredil "bridle, strap" < Gmc *bregþil-, cf OHG brittel, brittil "bridle", OHG brettan "to weave, braid", OE brīdel "bridle", OE bregdan "to braid, weave")

brette "long sword" ( < ON bregþa < Gmc) bretailler brettelure bretter bretture

bretter

bretzel

bricage

bricheton

bricole "breast band" ( < Ital briccola < Lomb brihhil < Gmc, cf MHG brëchel-, Germ brechen "to break") bricoler bricolier

bricoler

bride "bridle"

brider

bridge

bridger

brie

brightique

brimbaler (also bringuebaler, briquebaler)

brimbelle

brimer

brinde "a toast"

bringue "festival, vice"

bringue "silly girl; manhunter" ( < Frk *springan "to jump" < Gmc)

brioche "cake"

brique "brick"

briquer

briqueter

brise "breeze"

briser "to break" ( < OFr bruisier, brisier < Frk *brusjan "to break" < Gmc *brusjanan "to crush, break", cf OHG bristan "to break", OE brȳsan "to crush, bruise") bris brise brisé brisée brisable brisant briseur briseuse brisement brisure brisis brisoir

bristol

brocanter "to deal in used goods"

brocard "a taunt"

brocarder

brodequin "sock, buskin" ( < Flem brosekin < Gmc)

broder "embroider" ( < OFr brosder, broisder < Frk *brozdōn Gmc *bruzdajanan) brodé broderie brodeur brodeuse

broie

broigne

brosse "brush"

brosser

brou

brouée

brouet "broth"

brouette "wheelbarrow" ( < Wal berouette < Wal beroue < Gmc *berwaz, cf OE bearwe "wheelbarrow", MHG bere) brouetter brouettier

brouetter

brougham

brouillard "fog" ( < brouiller < Gmc)

brouiller "to embroil, mingle" ( < OFr broiller < L *brodiculare < L *brodum < Gmc *bruþan, cf OE broþ "broth", OE brēowan "to brew") brouillé brouilleur brouilleuse brouillement brouillage brouille brouillerie brouillon débrouiller embrouiller brouillard brouillardeux brouillasser brouilleux brouillis

brouillasser

brouillon

brouir "to blight" ( < OFr broīr < Frk *brājan < Gmc) broui brouissure

broussaille (also broussailles) "brushwood"

brousse "undergrowth"

brousse ( < Prov broce "curdled milk" < Goth gabrūka "piece" < brūkja "what is broken" < Gmc) brousser broussard broussin

broussin

brout "sprouts, young shoots"

brouter

broutille

brownien

browning

broyer "to crush, grind" ( < Lat *bricare < Frk *brikan "to break" < Gmc *brekanan) broyage broyat broie broiement broyeur broyeur-mélangeur broyeuse broyon

bru "daughter-in-law"

bruccio

brugeois

bruges

brugnon

brûle-pourpoint

brûler "to burn" ( < OFr brusler "to burn" < conflation of OFr bruir "to burn" < Frk *brōjan "to burn, scald" < Gmc, cf MHG brüejen "to burn, scald" + OFr usler < Lat ustulare "to scorch") brûlé brûlée brûlable brûlage brûlant brûleur brûleuse brûlement brûlerie brûlis brûloir brûlure brûlot brûle-bout brûle-gueule brûle-parfum brûle-parfums brûle-pourpoint brûle-pourpoint à brûle-tout

brûlot

brun "brown"

brunir

brusque "brisk" ( < Ital brusco < OHG bruttisc "dark, annoyed" < Gmc) brusquer brusquerie brusquement brusquet

buander

bucail

bûche "log" ( < OFr busche < Prov busca < Lat busca, bosca < Gmc *buska-) bûcher bûcheron bûchement bûchette

bûcher

bûcheron

bûcheronner

buée "lye" ( < buer "to wash" < Frk *būkōn "to wash" < Gmc, cf MLG būken "to soak in lye", MHG būchen, ME bouken "to buck, wash in lye") buer buée bue buander

bugne

building

buis "bush"

buisson

buissonner

bull-dog

bull-finch

bull-terrier

bulldozer

bunker

buquer

burette "cruet"

burg

burgonde

burgrave "burgrave"

burin "a graver" ( < Ital borino < Lomb *boro, borin- < Gmc, cf Germ bohren) buriner buriniste burinos

buriner

busard

busc "busk"

buse "pipe, cavity" ( < OFr buise < Gmc, cf Dut buis) buser busette

business

busquer "to search for, look for"

busserole

but "mark, aim"

buter "to strike, aim"

butin "booty"

butiner

butte "butte"

butter