The Latvian Provisional Government (Latvian: Latvijas Pagaidu valdība; 1918–1920) was formed on November 18, 1918 by the People's Council of Latvia.
The Provisional Government was led by Kārlis Ulmanis, leader of the Agrarian Union, who was chosen to be prime minister. In December, ministries were created.
From December 1918 until May 1919, the Latvian territories (that were not under German occupation) had a provisional Soviet government led by Pēteris Stučka. During these months, the Ulmanis government having fled to Courland, was under German protection. Joint military operations of the Ulmanis government with the Germans during the late spring 1919 succeeded in pushing Soviet armies into Latgale.
The Ulmanis government signed an armistice with Soviet Russia on February 21, 1920, and a peace treaty on August 11, 1920.
Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in Latvia between 14 and 16 April 1920.