Land consolidation is a planned readjustment and rearrangement of land parcels and their ownership. It is usually applied to form larger and more rational land holdings. Land consolidation can be used to improve the rural infrastructure and to implement the developmental and environmental policies (improving environmental sustainability and agriculture).
Additional reading
Also see Daniel R. Curtis, 'The impact of land accumulation and consolidation on population trends in the pre-industrial period: two contrasting cases in the Low Countries', Historical Research (2013-4); accessible at http://www.academia.edu/1933240/The_impact_of_land_accumulation_and_consolidation_on_population_trends_in_the_pre-industrial_period_two_contrasting_cases_in_the_Low_Countries
References
Land consolidation Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA