Kotov (Russian: Котов) and Kotova (Russian: Котова; feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aleksandr Kotov, Russian football player
Alexander Kotov (1913–1981), a Soviet chess grandmaster and author
Oleg Kotov (b. 1965), a Russian cosmonaut
Sergei Kotov (b. 1985), an Israeli figure skater
Sergei Kotov (footballer) (b. 1982), a Russian professional footballer
Vladimir Kotov (b. 1958), a South African long distance runner
Nina Kotova (b. 1969), a Russian American cellist and composer
Tatyana Kotova (b. 1976), a Russian long jump athlete
Tatiana Kotova (b. 1985), the winner of Miss Russia 2006 title