Kawashima (written: 川島, 川嶋) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ai Kawashima, musicianAzumi Kawashima, adult video (AV) actressChiyoko Kawashima, voice actressEiji Kawashima, association football goalkeeperHiroshi Kawashima, boxerJustin Kawashima, music producerKatsushige Kawashima, boxerKozo Kawashima, ski jumperMotohiro Kawashima, video game composerNaniwa Kawashima, spyNaomi Kawashima, actressRyuta Kawashima, neuroscientistTokuyoshi Kawashima, voice actorUmika Kawashima, singer and actressYasunaru Kawashima, cardiothoracic surgeon who pioneered the Kawashima procedureYoshiko Kawashima Manchu princessYuzo Kawashima, filmmakerFictional character:
Sapphire Kawashima, a main character from Hibike! Euphonium