Active October 2003–present | ||
 | ||
Ideology Iraqi nationalism
Khomeinism
Shia Islamism
Velayat-e Faqih
Islamic fundamentalism
Anti-zionism Leaders Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis (Jamal al-Ibrahimi) Headquarters Middle and Southern Iraq Strength 2,000 (2010; at most)
10,000 (June 2014)
Over 30,000 (December 2014 claim) Part of Popular Mobilization Forces | ||
Kata'ib Hezbollah (Arabic: كتائب حزب الله, Brigades of the Party of God) or Hezbollah Brigades is an Iraqi Shia paramilitary group supported by Iran. It is active in the ongoing Iraq War and the Syrian Civil War. During the Iraq War, the group fought against American and coalition forces.
Contents
History
The group's structure is secretive, but Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, an adviser to Iran's Quds Force and former Badr Organization member, is known to be a senior figure in the group. The group receives training and funding from the Quds Force. The US State department also claimed Lebanon-based Hezbollah provided weapons and training for the group. It came to prominence in 2007 for attacks against American and coalition forces, and was known for uploading its videos of attacks on American forces on the internet.
In Summer 2008 US and Iraqi Forces launched a crackdown against Kata'ib Hezbollah and the Special Groups. At least 30 of its members were captured during those months. Many of the group's leaders were captured and US officials claimed that "as result much of the leadership fled to Iran".
On 2 July 2009 the group was added to the U.S. State Department list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations. The group was held responsible for numerous IED bombings, mortar, rocket and RPG attacks as well as sniper operations, targeting US and Iraqi Forces and the Green Zone, including a November 2008 rocket attack that killed two U.N. workers.
In December, 2009, the group intercepted the unencrypted video feed of MQ-1 Predator UAVs above Iraq.
12 February 2010 a firefight with suspected members of Kata'ib Hezbollah occurred 265 km (165 mi) southeast of Baghdad in a village near the Iranian border, the U.S. military said. Twelve people were arrested, it said. "The joint security team was fired upon by individuals dispersed in multiple residential buildings ... members of the security team returned fire, killing individuals assessed to be enemy combatants," the military said in a statement. The Provincial Iraqi officials said many of the dead were innocent bystanders, and demanded compensation. They said eight people were killed.
On 13 July 2010 General Ray Odierno named Kata'ib Hezbollah as being behind threats against American bases in Iraq. "In the last couple weeks there's been an increased threat ... and so we've increased our security on some of our bases," Odierno told reporters at a briefing in Baghdad.
In July 2011, an Iraqi intelligence official estimated the group's size at 1,000 fighters and said the militants were paid between $300 to $500 per month.
Post-US withdrawal
In 2013 Kata'ib Hezbollah and other Iraqi Shia militias acknowledged sending fighters to Syria to fight alongside forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad, against the Sunni rebels seeking to overthrow him in the Syrian Civil War.
Wathiq al-Batat, a former Kata'ib Hezbollah leader, announced the creation of a new Shia milita, the Mukhtar Army, on 4 February 2013, saying its aim is to defend Shiites and help the government combat terrorism.
In 2014 the group began taking a prominent role in the fight against ISIL in Iraq, and it was reported that it had received close air support from the U.S. Air Force during the Iranian-led intervention in Iraq.
From October 2016, Kata'ib Hezbollah together with the Iraqi army and other Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) took part in the Battle of Mosul against ISIL. It was among the PMF groups forcing their way towards Tal Afar and clearing the villages in the desert region ISIL support heartland around it, afterwards Kata'ib Hezbollah spearheaded the push towards the Syrian border.