Kaneko (written: 金子 or 兼子) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ippei Kaneko, Japanese politician, finance minister 1978-79
Josephine Conger-Kaneko, American journalist and writer
Jun Kaneko, Japanese ceramic artist living in the United States
Jutok Kaneko, Japanese musician
Kazuma Kaneko, game designer
Makoto Kaneko (baseball), Japanese baseball player
Misuzu Kaneko, Japanese poet
Munehiro Kaneko, Japanese decathlete
Shūsuke Kaneko, Japanese film director
Kaneko Kentarō, Japanese diplomat in the Meiji Era
Yasuji Kaneko, ex-soldier of the Imperial Japanese Army, known for his extensive war crimes testimony
Yuji Kaneko (born 1990), Japanese baseball player
