President Jacques Chirac Name Jean-Luc Melenchon Prime Minister Lionel Jospin Role French Politician | Preceded by Claude Allegre Succeeded by Luc Ferry Nationality France | |
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Born 19 August 1951 (age 72)
Tangier, Tangier International Zone, today Morocco ( 1951-08-19 ) Alma mater University of Franche-Comte Political party Internationalist Communist Organisation, Socialist Party, Left Party Parents Jeanine Bayona, Georges Melenchon Education University of Franche-Comte, Lycee Pierre-Corneille Similar People Marine Le Pen, Alexis Tsipras, Francois Bayrou, Francois Hollande, Nicolas Sarkozy Profiles | ||
Organizations founded Left Front, Left Party | ||
Jean luc m lenchon d bat chez causette
Jean-Luc Mélenchon ([ʒɑ̃.lyk me.lɑ̃.ʃɔ̃]; born 19 August 1951) is a French politician.
Contents
- Jean luc m lenchon d bat chez causette
- Jean luc m lenchon invit de l mission politique lemissionpolitique
- Early life
- Socialist mitterrandist militant
- 2012 French presidential candidate
- 2012 French legislative candidate
- Political positions
- Political career
- References
After joining the Socialist Party in 1976, he was successively elected municipal councilor of Massy (1983), general councilor of the Essonne departement (1985), and senator of the same departement (1986, reelected in 1995 and 2004). He also served as Minister delegate of Vocational Education between 2000 and 2002, next to the Ministry of National Education, Jack Lang, in the cohabitation government of Lionel Jospin.
He was part of the left wing of the Socialist Party until the Reims Congress of 2008, at the outcome of which he left that party to found the Left Party with deputy Marc Dolez. He was the president of the party, and then the co-president of it, along with Martine Billard, until August 2014.
As leader of the Left Party, he joined the electoral coalition of the Left Front before the 2009 European elections and was elected member of the European Parliament in the South-West constituency (reelected in 2014). During the protest movement against the pension reform of 2010 his public stature grew thanks to his many public and television appearances. He was also the candidate of that coalition in the 2012 presidential election, at the outcome of which he came in fourth, receiving 11.1% of the votes. He is a candidate to the 2017 presidential election "outside the frame of political parties", and founded the movement "Unsubmissive France" (FI) in February 2016.
Jean luc m lenchon invit de l mission politique lemissionpolitique
Early life
Born in Tangier (Tangier International Zone), he was educated at the Lycée Pierre-Corneille in Rouen (Normandy).
His father was a postmaster and his Spanish-born mother was a primary school teacher. He grew up in Morocco, until his family moved to France in 1962.
With a degree in philosophy from the University of Franche-Comté in Besançon, and having gained the CAPES (a professional teaching qualification), he became a teacher before entering politics.
Socialist mitterrandist militant
Jean-Luc Mélenchon left Besançon to enter professional life in Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) and joined the Socialist Party (PS) in September 1976. He soon occupied local and departmental responsibilities (deputy section secretary of Montaigu) and developed a federal newspaper that fights for the union between PS and the French Communist Party (PCF). It is the time when the second breaks the agreements of the union of the left on a joint program of government. He is then noticed by Claude Germon, mayor of Massy (Essone) and member of the executive office of the PS responsible for the business section. Without stable work after his candidacy has been rejected at the Croix du Jura newspaper, he is hired by Claude Germon to become his private secretary.
2012 French presidential candidate
He was the candidate representing the Left Front (Communist Party of France, Left Party, Unitarian Left) in the 2012 French presidential election. He took fourth place and achieved 11.10% of the vote, trailing behind François Hollande, Nicolas Sarkozy, and Marine Le Pen (and their respective parties, the Socialist Party, Union for a Popular Movement, and National Front). In comparison, the winner François Hollande received 28.63% of the vote.
2012 French legislative candidate
Mélenchon represented the Left Front in the Pas-de-Calais' 11th constituency, to confront his rival Marine Le Pen, where she had over 31% in the presidential election. He received third place with 21.46% of the vote, narrowly edged out for second by Socialist Party member Phillip Kemel. Mélenchon decided not to stand in the second round of the election after this result.
Political positions
Jean-Luc Mélenchon is a socialist republican and historical materialist, inspired primarily by Jean Jaurès (the founder of French republican socialism). He is a proponent of increased labour rights and the expansion of French welfare programmes. Mélenchon has also called for the mass redistribution of wealth to rectify existing socioeconomic inequalities. Domestic policies proposed by Mélenchon include a 100 per cent income tax on all French nationals earning over 360,000 Euros a year, full state reimbursement for healthcare costs, a reduction in presidential powers in favour of the legislature, and the easing of immigration laws.
Mélenchon is an outspoken critic of the European Union (EU), which he claims has been corrupted through putative neoliberalism. During his 2012 campaign, Mélenchon positioned himself against the trend towards economic globalisation, which he denounced as disproportionately profiting the financial industry and "high income earners" at the expense of the poor. He insisted international organisations such as the EU threatened to "strangle the voice of the people".
Mélenchon opposes the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), which he perceives as an affront to France's national sovereignty. He has repeatedly called for France to withdraw from NATO.
Jean‑Luc Mélenchon has expressed his support for the secularization of the French society and for the legality of same-sex marriage and euthanasia.
Political career
Governmental functions
Minister of Vocational Education, 2000–2002.
Electoral mandates
European Parliament
Member of European Parliament since 2009.
Senate of France
Senator of Essonne, 1986–2000 (became minister in 2000), 2004–2010 (resignation, elected in European Parliament in 2009). Elected in 1986, reelected in 1995, 2004. (At the age of 35, he was the youngest member of the Senate when he was elected to it in 1986.)
General Council
Vice-president of the General Council of Essonne, 1998–2001.
General councillor of Essonne, 1985–1992, 1998–2004. Reelected in 1998.
Municipal Council
Deputy-mayor of Massy, Essonne, 1983–1995.
Municipal councillor of Massy, Essonne, 1983–2001. Reelected in 1989, 1995.
Political function
Co-President of the Left Party, 2008-2014.