James Winchester (Maryland judge)

James Winchester (September 13, 1772 - April 5, 1806) was a Maryland politician and judge.

Born in Shawan, Maryland, Winchester served for a time as a delegate to the Maryland General Assembly, and was associated with Samuel Chase.

Winchester received a recess appointment from President John Adams on October 31, 1799, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Maryland vacated by William Paca. Winchester was formally nominated on December 8, 1799, and was confirmed by the United States Senate, and received his commission, on December 10, 1799. He served until his death, in Shawan, at the age of 33.

He was married to a daughter of Samuel Owings, and died leaving two children.