Heinonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aarre Heinonen (1906-2003), painter and professor
Eero Heinonen (born 1979), Finnish bassist (The Rasmus)
Kaarlo Heinonen (1878-1944), Member of the Parliament of Finland
Marjut Heinonen (born 1976), Finnish sport shooter
Olli Heinonen (born 1946), Finnish nuclear expert
Olli-Pekka Heinonen (born 1964), Finnish politician
Osku Heinonen (born 1992), Finnish basketball player
Petri Heinonen (born 1988), Finnish basketball player
Raimo Heinonen (born 1935), Finnish gymnast
Vappu Heinonen (1905–1999) Finnish social worker and politician
Veikko Heinonen (1934–2015), Finnish ski jumper
