Heckscher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
August Heckscher (1848–1941), German American philanthropist
Charles Heckscher, American academic and management theorist
Eli Heckscher (1879–1952), Swedish economist
Gunnar Heckscher (1909–1987), Swedish politician and son of Eli Heckscher
Gustave Maurice Heckscher (1884–1967), American pioneer aviator
Sten Heckscher, Swedish politician and grandson of Eli Heckscher