Hannikainen is a Finnish surname. People with this name include:
Pekka Juhani Hannikainen (1854–1924) Finnish composer
Ilmari Hannikainen (1892–1955) Finnish pianist and composer
Tauno Hannikainen (1896–1968) Finnish cellist and conductor
Ann-Elise Hannikainen (1946–2012) Finnish composer
Lauri Hannikainen (1889–1921), journalist and writer
Markus Hännikäinen (born 1993), Finnish ice hockey player