HMS Tarpon was a Royal Navy R-class destroyer constructed and operational in the First World War. She is named after the large fish Tarpon; one species of which is native to the Atlantic, and the other to the Indo-Pacific Oceans.
She was completed and launched on 10 March 1917 by John Brown Shipyard at Clydebank in Scotland. In May 1917 the destroyer was assigned to the Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla. In July 1917 while returning from a minelaying operation she struck a mine in waters off Dunkirk. She then undertook repairs, being absent from the Navy List from August 1917 until March 1918 when she was placed in the new Twentieth Destroyer Flotilla which operated out of the Humber and in the North Sea. She was re-commissioned on 1 February 1920 as a tender to HMS Vernon. She was sold for scrap and broken up on 4 August 1927.